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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (36): 165-170.

所属专题： 畜牧兽医； 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

规模化猪场废水与氮肥配施对小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响

黄丽芬 高威 朱正杰 刘晓成 全晓艳 徐杏 王远玲 陶晓婷 庄恒扬   

  • 收稿日期:2012-08-13 修回日期:2012-09-16 出版日期:2012-12-25 发布日期:2012-12-25
  • 基金资助:

    江苏省科技支撑计划;江苏省科技厅自然科学基金面上项目;上海农场科技发展项目资助

Different Combinations of Large-scale Pig Farm Waste Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Effect on Wheat Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation

  • Received:2012-08-13 Revised:2012-09-16 Online:2012-12-25 Published:2012-12-25

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摘要：

为了将富含植物营养的集约化养猪场废水应用于农业生产，实现种养结合与保护环境的双赢，研究养猪场废水农田利用技术，可为养猪场-农田种植循环农业模式的应用提供技术支撑。通过田间试验，采用小麦越冬期污水施用量30、60、90、120 m3/hm2与穗期氮化肥施用量0、30、60、90 kg/hm2组合处理，研究猪场废水与氮肥配施对小麦干物质积累和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明：拔节期干物质积累量随着废水施用量增加而增加，抽穗期以废水施用90 m3/hm2与氮肥30 kg/hm2的组合干物质积累量最高，成熟期以废水30 m3/hm2与氮肥90 kg/hm2及废水120 m3/hm2与氮肥30 kg/hm2组合干物质积累量较高。小麦产量以废水30 m3/hm2与氮肥60 kg/hm2、废水90 m3/hm2与氮肥30 kg/hm2或60 kg/hm2、废水120 m3/hm2与氮肥30 kg/hm2组合较高。综合对农田较高废水承载量和减少化肥施用的目标，以越冬期施用废水90~120 m3/hm2、穗肥施氮30 kg/hm2为最优组合。养猪场废水施用有明显的肥效作用，与化肥合理配施可取得超过常规施肥的产量，并显著减少氮肥的施用量。

关键词: 植株再生, 植株再生

Abstract:

In order to combine the wastewater of pig farm as a source of nutrient with cropping and realize the goal of environment protection, results of this study could provide the scientific basis for efficient wheat production that supports large-scale pig farming. In this paper, by field experiment, different combinations of large-scale pig farm wastewater (30, 60, 90, 120 m3/hm2) in winter and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 kg/hm2) at heading stage were designed to test the influences of wheat dry matter accumulation and yield formation. The main research results were as follows: at elongation stage, the wheat dry matter accumulated with the amount of waste water increasing. At heading stage, dry matter accumulation achieved the highest under the combination of 90 m3/hm2 wastewater with 30 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer. At maturity stage, dry matter accumulation achieved the highest under the combination of 30 m3/hm2 wastewater with 90 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer and 120 m3/hm2 wastewater with 30 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer. The wheat yields were higher than others under these combinations: 30 m3/hm2 wastewater and 60 m3/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer, 90 m3/hm2 wastewater and 30 m3/hm2 or 60 m3/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer, 120 m3/hm2 wastewater and 30 m3/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer. Considering the high farm wastewater bearing capacity and the target of fertilizer reduction, spreading 90 m3/hm2 to 120 m3/hm2 wastewater in winter and 30 m3/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer at heading stage was the optimal combination. In conclusion, the pig farm wastewater has efficient fertilizer function. When it was combined with reasonable amount of fertilizer, the yield can exceed conventional fertilizer production and the amounts of nitrogen fertilizer can also be cut down.