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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 201-206.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-3303

所属专题： 玉米； 耕地保护

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

春秋施沙质土壤改良剂对旱作玉米抗旱保苗增产效应

苏雪萍 刘景辉 李立军 田露 刘霞 王亚超   

  • 收稿日期:2013-12-17 修回日期:2014-01-18 出版日期:2014-05-25 发布日期:2014-05-25
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业 （农业） 科研专项经费项目 “内蒙古黄土高原坡耕地抗旱补水播种保苗综合技术研究与示范” (201003053-4)。

Drought Resistance, Seedling Protection and Yield Increasing Effects of Applying Sandy Soil Amendment in Spring or Autumn to Dry Land Maize

  • Received:2013-12-17 Revised:2014-01-18 Online:2014-05-25 Published:2014-05-25

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摘要： 为了明确春秋施沙质土壤改良剂对旱作玉米抗旱保苗、增产效果及其作用时效。本试验通过大田试验，研究春秋施沙质土壤改良剂对旱作玉米出苗率、苗期生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明：春秋施沙质土壤改良剂均具有一定的抗旱保苗增产效果，其中在2012年表现为A1>A2>CK1；2013年表现为A1>A2>A3>A4>CK2，且不同施入年际表现为施入后第2年的效果高于第1年的效果，秋施效果较好。2012年处理A1、A2的出苗率分别较CK1提高4.58%、1.76%；苗期株高日增量、茎粗、干物质增长速率分别提高4.90%、0.00%；9.74%、3.90%；23.99%、8.72%；玉米产量分别提高12.03%、5.49%；2013年处理A1、A2、A3、A4的出苗率分别较CK2提高8.73%、7.57%、4.61%、2.13%；苗期株高日增量、茎粗、干物质增长速率分别提高15.00%、9.90%、9.90%、5.00%；17.06%、10.78%、7.78%、6.59%；46.14%、23.51%、14.88%、7.37%；玉米产量分别提高15.78%、11.23%、10.99%、5.06%。2012年玉米产量与出苗率、苗期株高日增量、茎粗、干物质积累速率的相关系数为0.9241、0.8775、0.9992、0.9754；2013年的相关系数为0.9508、0.9978、0.9332、0.8986。

关键词: 厚皮甜瓜, 厚皮甜瓜, 新品种, ‘西蜜3号’, 栽培技术

Abstract: In order to clear about drought resistance, seedling protection, yield-increasing effects and time-course of action of applying sandy soil amendment in spring or autumn. Through the field comparison test, the author studied it effects on the germination rate, the growth in the seeding phrase and the yield. The results showed that: applying sandy soil amendment in spring or autumn performed the more obvious the ability of drought resistance, seedling protection and yield increased, and the order of effects showed A1>A2>CK1 in 2012 and A1>A2>A3>A4>CK2 in 2013, and the effects of the second year after being applicator to soil were significantly higher than the first year in the annual variation, among them, applying it in autumn performed best. In the seeding stage in 2012, emergence rate of A1 and A2 increased by 4.58% and 1.76% than that of the CK1; plant height increment per day, plant stem girth, dry matter growth rate in corn seeding stage increased by 4.90% and 0.00%; 9.74% and 3.90%; 23.99% and 8.72%; the yield increased by 12.03% and 5.49%. In the seedling stage in 2013, emergence rate of A1, A2, A3 and A4 increased by 8.73%, 7.57%, 4.61% and 2.13% than that of the CK2; plant height increment per day, plant stem girth, dry matter growth rate in corn seeding stage increased by 15.00%, 9.90%, 9.90% and 5.00%; 17.06%, 10.78%,7.78% and 6.59%; 46.14%, 23.51%, 14.88% and 7.37%; the yield increased by 15.78%, 11.23%, 10.99% and 5.06%. Correlation analysis among mergence rate, plant height, plant stem, dry matter growth rate and the yield in the seeding stage in 2012 and 2013 had very significant positive correlation. And correlation coefficients among indexes in corn seeding stage and the yield were 0.924, 0.877, 0.975, 0.999 in 2012 and 0.951, 0.998, 0.899, 0.933 in 2013.