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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (30): 10-15.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15050127

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国富硒大米的生产与富硒效应

岳士忠,李圣男,乔玉辉,李花粉,王瑞萍   

  1. (中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100193）
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-22 修回日期:2015-09-16 接受日期:2015-07-23 出版日期:2015-10-29 发布日期:2015-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 乔玉辉
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（农业）科研专项“优质高效富硒农产品关键技术研究与示范”(201303106)。

Studies on Se-enriched Rice Production and the Effect of Se-enrichment

Yue Shizhong, Li Shengnan, Qiao Yuhui, Li Huafen, Wang Ruiping   

  1. (College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193)
  • Received:2015-05-22 Revised:2015-09-16 Accepted:2015-07-23 Online:2015-10-29 Published:2015-10-29

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摘要： 统计分析中国20多年来富硒水稻研究的文献数据，得到富硒大米产量和硒含量的分析结果。数据表明：生产富硒水稻的硒肥施用方式以叶面喷施为主，占统计样本量的92.86%；主要肥料种类包括有机硒肥和无机硒肥，分别占样本总量的67.35%和32.65%；在齐穗期和抽穗期，水稻富硒效应研究的最多，分别占搜集样本量的36.54%和21.15%；有机富硒叶面肥施用量超过20 g/hm2时（以硒量计），可造成水稻一定程度的减产；叶面喷施有机富硒肥料，水稻增产范围在-3.09%~18.77%之间，平均增产5.55%，大米硒富集量在0.04~0.78 mg/kg之间，平均硒含量为0.24 mg/kg；施用无机亚硒酸钠可使水稻增产-7.20%~20.00%，平均增产7.36%，大米富硒范围在0.09~53.39 mg/kg之间，平均含量为4.04 mg/kg；在施用无机硒肥的情况下，有60%的样本硒含量超出了富硒大米相关标准(DB34/T 847—2008)的规定。总体来看，仅有38.96%的样本大米硒含量符合DB34/T 847—2008的规定，因此，在生产富硒水稻时，推荐优先考虑使用有机硒肥，少用并且慎用无机亚硒酸钠硒肥。

关键词: 三峡水库, 三峡水库, 水体, 阴离子, 时空变化

Abstract: More than 20-year literatures about Se-enriched rice were reviewed to analyze the production and Se content of Se-enriched rice. The results showed that the fertilizer was mainly applied by foliage spray, which accounted for 92.86% of all samples; the main kinds of selenium fertilizers included organic selenium fertilizer (67.35%) and inorganic selenium fertilizer (32.65%); the researches were concentrated in rice heading stage (36.54%) and full panicle stage (21.15%); a reduction of yield was caused when the application amount was over 20 g/hm2; foliage spray of organic Se-enriched fertilizer could increase the yield with an average of 5.55% (-3.09%—18.77%), and selenium content of rice was 0.24 mg/kg on average (0.04—0.78 mg/kg). The application of inorganic sodium selenite could increase the yield by 7.36% on average (-7.20%—20.0%), the selenium content was 4.04 mg/kg on average (0.09—53.39 mg/kg). The selenium content of 60% rice samples was beyond the standard of selenium-rich rice (DB34/T 847—2008) under the application of inorganic selenium fertilizer. Overall, only 38.96% of rice samples could meet the standard of DB34/T 847—2008. Therefore, organic selenium fertilizer was recommended in the production of Se-enriched rice and inorganic sodium selenite selenium fertilizer should be less applied.

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