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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 78-82.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070052

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

拉枝角度对SH1矮化中间砧富士苹果幼树生长和结果的影响

蔡华成,王芸芸,杨廷桢,王骞,高敬东,李春燕,杜学梅,弓桂花   

  1. 山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西省农业科学院果树研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-11 修回日期:2016-08-09 接受日期:2016-09-01 出版日期:2017-04-11 发布日期:2017-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 杨廷桢
  • 基金资助:
    农业部专项“国家苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站建设”(CARS-28);公益性行业(农业)科研专项二级子课题“苹果野生资源的收集、评 价与优异种质筛选”(201303093-SX);“十二五”农村领域国家科技支撑计划二级子课题“早中熟优质多抗苹果、梨新品种、砧木选育研究” (2013BAD02B01-2)。

Effect of Branch Angle on Growth and Fruit of‘Fuji’Apple Trees in‘SH1’Dwarfing Interstock

弓桂花   

  • Received:2016-07-11 Revised:2016-08-09 Accepted:2016-09-01 Online:2017-04-11 Published:2017-04-11

摘要: 旨在为SH1矮砧富士提供幼树树形管理的科学依据。本研究以4年生SH1矮砧富士为试材,通过70°、90°、120° 3种拉枝角度的处理,探讨不同拉枝角度对苹果幼树生长和结果的影响。结果表明:拉枝角度120°时叶片光合速率最大,且与其它两个处理差异显著(P<0.05);拉枝角度90°时叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量最高、叶片厚度、百叶重最大,与其它两个处理差异显著(P<0.05);拉枝角度90°时的冠下光合间接辐射最大,拉枝角度120°时株间光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射和叶面积指数均最大;拉枝角度90°时长枝的长度、粗度最大,中枝粗度最大,拉枝角度120°时中枝长度最长;拉枝角度90°时果实单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、硬度均最大。综合考虑树体生长势和果实品质等因素,90°为SH1矮砧富士枝条适宜的拉枝角度。

关键词: 查尔酮合成酶基因, 查尔酮合成酶基因, 克隆, 遗传多样性, 分子进化

Abstract: The paper aims to provide a scientific basis for the management of‘Fuji’trees grafted on‘SH1’ dwarf interstock. In this study, 4- year- old‘Fuji’on‘SH1’dwarfing interstock was taken as materials, branches were bent 70° , 90° , 120° to determine photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll content, tree canopy structure, shoot growth and fruit quality factors. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate was the maximum when the branch angle was 120°, and was significantly different from the other two treatments (P < 0.05). The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content were the highest and the leaf thickness and 100 leaves weight were the largest when the branch angle was 90°, and were significantly different from the other two treatments (P <0.05). The photosynthetic indirect radiation of tree crown was the best at 90°, the photosynthetic indirect radiation, direct radiation and photosynthetic leaf area index were the largest at 120°. The length and diameter of long branch and the diameter of middle branch were the maximum at 90°, the length of middle branch was the maximum at 120°. The fruit weight, fruit shape index, soluble solids content, and hardness were the maximum at 90°. Considering the potential of tree growth, fruit quality and other factors, the branch angle was appropriate at 90° in SH1 dwarfing intertstock.