泥炭覆土搅拌时间对覆土结构及双孢蘑菇产量和质量的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070129

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 72-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070129

所属专题：食用菌；食用菌

泥炭覆土搅拌时间对覆土结构及双孢蘑菇产量和质量的影响

王倩,朱燕华,陈辉,张津京,宋晓霞,黄建春

上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所

收稿日期:2016-07-26 修回日期:2017-03-23 接受日期:2016-09-27 出版日期:2017-04-11 发布日期:2017-04-11
通讯作者: 黄建春
基金资助:
上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目“双孢蘑菇工厂化生产关键技术研究与示范”(15391900200)。

Influence of Stirring Time on Physical Structure of Casing Soil and Yield and Quality of Agaricus bisporus

Received:2016-07-26 Revised:2017-03-23 Accepted:2016-09-27 Online:2017-04-11 Published:2017-04-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为优化双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)覆土技术，以泥炭为覆土材料，研究泥炭覆土搅拌时间对覆土物理结构以及对双孢蘑菇产量和质量的影响。结果证实，随搅拌时间的延长，泥炭覆土充气孔隙度降低，容重增加。充气孔隙度与双孢蘑菇产量高度正相关，但是与双孢蘑菇子实体大小及商品菇率高度负相关；覆土容重与双孢蘑菇产量高度负相关，但是与双孢蘑菇子实体大小及商品菇率高度正相关。搅拌时间较短的覆土(5~20 min)，双孢蘑菇总产量较高，且每潮菇产量更均匀，更有利于工厂化生产。搅拌时间较长的覆土(40~120 min)，双孢蘑菇子实体较大，但是会降低双孢蘑菇的总产量以及影响每潮菇产量的均匀性。本试验条件下泥炭覆土最适搅拌时间为10 min，双孢蘑菇3潮菇总产量34.5 kg/m2，商品菇产量27 kg/m2。研究初步揭示覆土物理结构对双孢蘑菇产量及质量的影响，为优化覆土技术及筛选优质覆土材料提供参考。

关键词: 发酵床腐殖质, 发酵床腐殖质, 菌丝生长, 大球盖菇, 代料培养

Abstract: To optimize the casing technique of Agaricus bisporus, use peat as casing soil material and investigate the effect of stirring time on the physical structure of casing soil and on the yield and quality of Agaricus bisporus. The results showed that, air-filled porosity of casing soil decreased with stirring time while bulk density increased with stirring time. Air-filled porosity of casing soil was positively related to mushroom yield and negatively related to marketable mushroom ratio and fruit body size. Bulk density was negatively related to mushroom yield and positively related to marketable mushroom ratio and fruit body size. Casing soil made by short stirring time (5-20 min) gave a better result on total yield ofAgaricus bisporus and the yield of each flush was more even. Casing soil by long stirring time (40-120 min) produced big size mushroom but resulted in reduction of total yield and non-uniform flush yield. The optimal stirring time under given condition was 10 min, total mushroom yield for three flushes was 34.5 kg/m2 and marketable mushroom yield was 27 kg/m2. This study preliminarily revealed the influence of casing soil physical structure on yield and quality of button mushroom, provided references for the optimization the casing techniques and the selection of casing material with high quality.

中图分类号:

S646.9

王倩,朱燕华,陈辉,张津京,宋晓霞,黄建春. 泥炭覆土搅拌时间对覆土结构及双孢蘑菇产量和质量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(10): 72-77.

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泥炭覆土搅拌时间对覆土结构及双孢蘑菇产量和质量的影响

Influence of Stirring Time on Physical Structure of Casing Soil and Yield and Quality of Agaricus bisporus

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