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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (19): 102-107.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050080

所属专题: 小麦 水稻

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦秸秆全量还田下腐熟剂对下茬水稻产量及土壤的影响

周德平   

  1. 上海市农业科学院
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-18 修回日期:2018-06-19 接受日期:2017-06-23 出版日期:2018-07-11 发布日期:2018-07-11
  • 通讯作者: 周德平
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科技攻关项目“稻麦秸秆全量还田快速腐熟及肥水运筹技术研究”(14391901502)。

Decomposing Microorganism: Effects on Yield of the Following Cropping Rice and Soil Under Total Return of Wheat Straw

  • Received:2017-05-18 Revised:2018-06-19 Accepted:2017-06-23 Online:2018-07-11 Published:2018-07-11

摘要: 旨在为稻麦轮作模式中秸秆全量还田提供有效配套措施,采用田间大区试验,开展了小麦秸秆全量还田配套腐熟剂研究。试验设3处理,分别为不施腐熟剂CK、施腐熟剂A和施腐熟剂B处理。结果显示腐熟剂A处理水稻比CK减产2.37%,B增产1.74%;A处理土壤速效NPK分别比CK增加了2.34mg/kg、1.00mg/kg和4.00mg/kg,铜、锌含量下降,砷含量上升3.03mg/kg;B处理速效NP分别比CK降低5.33mg/kg和6.47mg/kg,有机质减少3.66g/kg,铜、锌、砷含量均低于CK。腐熟剂A、B均可促进土壤微生物增殖,提升整体代谢活性,增加物种多样性指数;其中A处理细菌与真菌增加明显,而B对放线菌的促进更为明显。综合腐熟剂对水稻产量、土壤理化及微生物种群和代谢特征的影响,配套腐熟剂B更利于水稻产量和土壤健康。

关键词: 夏玉米, 夏玉米, 适宜度, 廊坊地区

Abstract: To provide effective measures for total wheat strawreturn to soilin rice-wheat rotation mode, a field experiment was conducted to study the application of decomposing microorganism under total wheat straw return. The experiment was carried out with3treatments, which were treated with CK (no decomposing agent), decomposing agent A and decomposing agent B, respectively. The results showed that decomposing agent A reduced rice yield by 2.37% , decomposing agent B increased rice yield by1.74% . Compared with CK, decomposing agent A increased the contents of available NPK in paddy soil by 2.34mg/kg,1.00mg/kg and 4.00mg/kg, respectively, and decreased the content of copper and zinc, and increased the content of arsenic by 3.03mg/kg. Decomposing agentBreduced the contentofavailable NP and organic matter in paddy soilby5.33mg/kg, 6.47mg/kg, and3.66g/kg, respectively, and decreased the content of copper, zinc and arsenic. The application of decomposing agent A and B could promote soil microorganism proliferation, enhance the overall metabolic activity and increase species diversity index. Decomposing agent A increased the number of bacteria and fungi significantly, but decomposing agent B increased the number of actinomyces more obviously. Based on the synthetic effectsonrice yield, soil physical and chemical properties, microorganism population and metabolic characteristics, the application of total wheat straw return combined with decomposing agent B was more favorable to rice yield and soil health.