冬小麦品种新麦29在不同播期和播量处理下产量形成的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 筛选出冬小麦较适宜的播期和播量组合以适应冬前积温不断增加的环境变化,以新麦29作为研究对象,于2016～2017年度在河南省辉县市开展播期(10月12日、18日和19日)和播量(基本苗210万、300万和390万／ha)二因素裂区试验,探索不同播期和播量条件下对小麦的产量及其构成因素的影响。结果显示不同播期之间的平均容重是以10月12日显著低于其他两个播期,而随着播量不断增加其平均容重亦随之增加,但差异不显著；相同播期不同播量处理对农艺性状结实小穗数的影响不显著,同时对不孕小穗数则无明显变化规律。播期对穗数、穗粒数、千粒重3个产量构成因素的影响均显著,但对籽粒产量的影响不显著。播量对产量及穗数、穗粒数2个构成因素的影响均呈现出差异水平显著。不同播期和播量互作效应对小麦籽粒产量与单位面积穗数两者均呈现出差异性显著。与播量相比较而言,播期对新麦29产量影响较大。随着播期的不断推迟,新麦29的产量不断下降且10月12日的产量显著高于10月24日的。播量210万/ha与播量390万/ha 之间的平均产量显著差异,但都与播量300万/ha相比差异都不显著。依据不同播期和播量组合的产量分析,最佳播期是10月12日,基本苗300万/ha为较适宜的播量；新麦29的产量潜力在播期10月12日至18日是较为适宜范围,与其对应的适宜播量为基本苗300万～390万/ha得以充分发挥。

关键词: 甘蔗, 甘蔗, 转基因, 抗性演化, 抗逆性, 检测技术

Abstract: To screen out the suitable combination of sowing date and planting density of winter wheat, and adapt to the environment change of increaing accumulative temperature before winter, taking‘Xinmai 29’as the object, a field experiment with split plot design was conducted at Huixian City in the northern Henan Province during 2016-2017. The main plots were three sowing dates of October 12th, 18th and 24th, and the split plots were three planting densities of 210×104, 300×104 and 390×104 seedlings/hm2. The effects of different sowing dates and planting densities on yield and yield components of‘Xinmai 29’were explored. The results showed that, the grain volume weight of October 12th sowing was significantly lower than those of the other two sowing dates. The average grain volume weight also increased with the increasing planting density. All three yield components (the number of spike, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight) of wheat was significantly influenced by the sowing date. However, the impact of sowing date on grain yield was not significant. There were significant difference levels for yield, the number of spike and grain number per spike with planting density. The interaction effect between sowing date and planting density had significant difference for grain yield and spike number per area. October 12th was the best sowing date with the suitable density of 300×104 seedlings/hm2. The suitable sowing date for the yield potential of‘Xinmai29’was October 12th to 18th, and the corresponding suitable planting density of basic seedlings was 300×104-390×104/hm2.

李晓航,马华平. 冬小麦品种新麦29在不同播期和播量处理下产量形成的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(29): 14-19.

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