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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 17-24.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0216

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蔗苗期抗旱性鉴定评价研究

樊仙(), 全怡吉, 杨绍林, 李如丹, 邓军, 张跃彬()   

  1. 云南农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远 661699
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-05 修回日期:2021-08-17 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 张跃彬
  • 作者简介:樊仙,女,1987年出生,云南富源人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:甘蔗栽培生理。通信地址:661699 云南省开远市灵泉东路363号,Tel:0873-7218227,E-mail: ynfanx87@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部与农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”资助(CARS-170205);云南省重大科技专项计划资助“甘蔗宜机化新品种选育及配套关键技术集成示范”(202102AE090028)

Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance in Sugarcane Seedling Stage

FAN Xian(), QUAN Yiji, YANG Shaolin, LI Rudan, DENG Jun, ZHANG Yuebin()   

  1. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kaiyuan, Yunnan 661699
  • Received:2021-03-05 Revised:2021-08-17 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-02-25
  • Contact: ZHANG Yuebin

摘要:

以12个甘蔗品种试验材料,通过桶栽试验,在苗期进行反复干旱胁迫处理,测定甘蔗幼苗存活率和叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性等生理指标。运用抗旱系数法和隶属函数值法,对苗期甘蔗各生理指标性状进行了反复干旱胁迫下的抗性评价和鉴定,为甘蔗抗旱品种的选择提供可借鉴的方法,同时为其抗旱育种和蔗区抗旱品种示范推广提供数据支持。结果表明,反复干旱处理后,所有甘蔗品种幼苗存活率、叶片叶绿素含量、POD和SOD酶活性均有降低,而叶片Pro、REC、MDA和可溶性糖含量均明显增加,且各甘蔗品种间存在明显差异。‘LC 09-15’、‘GT 32’、‘FN 08-3214’、‘YZ 08-1609’、‘YZ 11-1204’、‘YZ 05-51’、‘YR 11-450’和‘DZ 12-88’等8个甘蔗品种的苗期抗旱性强于对照品种‘ROC 22’。通过甘蔗优异抗旱品种的筛选和推广,解决蔗区主栽甘蔗品种‘ROC 22’种性退化性状,可为蔗区有效抵御早春干旱、保证甘蔗稳产、高产提供理论指导。

关键词: 抗旱性, 甘蔗, 苗期, 生理指标, 综合评价

Abstract:

Twelve sugarcane varieties were used in pot experiment. The survival rate of sugarcane seedlings, and chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity of leaves were measured under repeated drought stress at seedling stage. This article used drought resistance coefficient method and membership function value method, evaluated and identified the resistance of sugarcane physiological indexes under repeated drought stress at seedling stage, aiming to provide a method for the selection of drought resistant sugarcane varieties, as well as data support for drought resistant breeding of sugarcane and demonstration and promotion of drought resistant varieties in sugarcane areas. The results showed that after repeated drought - rehydration treatment, the seedling survival rate, leaf chlorophyll content, POD and SOD activity of all sugarcane varieties decreased, while the leaf Pro, REC, MDA and soluble sugar content increased significantly, and there were significant differences among sugarcane varieties. The drought resistance of ‘LC 09-15’, ‘GT 32’, ‘FN 08-3214’, ‘YZ 08-1609’, ‘YZ 11-1204’, ‘YZ 05-51’, ‘YR 11-450’ and ‘DZ 12-88’ were stronger than that of the control ‘ROC 22’. Through the screening and promotion of sugarcane varieties with excellent drought resistance, the problem caused by the character degradation of sugarcane variety ‘ROC 22’ in sugarcane area could be solved, providing sugarcane varieties with effective drought resistance in early spring and high yield stability.

Key words: drought resistance, sugarcane, seedling stage, physiological indexes, comprehensive evaluation

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