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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (14): 144-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120104

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 农业科技信息 • 上一篇    下一篇

农民参加化肥农药减施增效技术培训的实证分析

童濛濛1, 张亮2, 吕雅辉2, 齐国1   

  1. 1.中央农业广播电视学校;2.河北农业大学经济贸易学院
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-25 修回日期:2018-12-25 接受日期:2019-03-26 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 齐国
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“化肥农药减施增效技术应用及评估研究”(2016YFD0201300)子课题“适应不同生产特点的化肥农药减施增效技术推 广培训新模式研究与评估”；国家社会科学基金项目“新型农业经营主体与新型职业农民‘两新融合’机制研究”(15BJY104)。

Farmers’Participation in Technical Training of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction and Efficiency Enhancement: An Empirical Analysis

  • Received:2018-12-25 Revised:2018-12-25 Accepted:2019-03-26 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15

PDF (PC)

391

摘要： 摘要：我国化肥和农药施用过量，由此引发的环境污染、损害健康和农产品质量安全问题严重。为实现2020年化肥农药使用量力争零增长目标和十九大提出的以质量兴农、绿色兴农为目标，提升农产品质量与安全的要求。基于安徽、山东、湖北三省，五县（区、市），水稻、苹果、蔬菜、茶叶四个产业作为项目区410份调查问卷，通过构建农民参加化肥农药减施增效技术培训的意愿和担忧模型，对农民参加化肥农药减施增效技术培训的影响因素进行实证分析，结果表明：没有流转土地、使用过有机肥、参加过测土配方施肥技术培训、可以接受的培训时间越长的农民越愿意参加化肥农药减施增效技术培训；化肥使用次数越多、当地有产地检验、对之前的培训效果越差的农民对采用新技术施肥用药越担忧。提出开展化肥农药减施增效技术培训的对策建议：划分不同产业，开展精确化培训；按照实际需求，开展精准化培训；按照农民特征，开展精细化培训。

关键词: 黑莓鲈(Pomoxis nigromaculatus), 黑莓鲈(Pomoxis nigromaculatus), 土池育苗, 生长, 食性, 配合饲料驯食

Abstract: Abstract: Excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in China has caused serious environmental pollution, health damage, and agricultural product quality and safety problems. In order to realize the goal of zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in 2020 and the goal of quality-building agriculture and green agriculture in the 19th National Congress of the People''s Republic of China, the requirements for the quality and safety of agricultural products are raised. Based on Anhui, Shandong and Hubei provinces, five counties (districts and cities), rice, apples, vegetables, and tea are used as 410 questionnaires in the project area to build a willingness and worry model for farmers to participate in the training of chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency enhancement technologies. An empirical analysis was conducted on the influencing factors of farmers participating in the training of chemical fertilizers and pesticides reduction and efficiency enhancement techniques. The results showed that farmers who have no land transfer, used organic fertilizers, participated in soil testing and fertilizer application techniques, and have acceptable training time are more willing to participate in chemical fertilizers. Pesticide reduction and efficiency enhancement technology training; farmers with more frequent use of fertilizers, local production sites, and poorer training effects on previous farmers are more worried about adopting new technologies for fertilization and drug use. Proposing countermeasures and suggestions for training in the reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the training of efficiency-enhancing technologies for fertilizers and pesticides: the division of different industries, the development of precision training, the development of precision training according to actual needs, and the development of detailed training in accordance with the characteristics of farmers.