欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (24): 150-155.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010070

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

氨氮和亚硝氮对红剑和孔雀鱼毒性及抗氧化指标的影响

张蓉, 王晓雯, 刘丽丽, 朱建亚, 朱华   

  1. 北京市农林科学院水产研究所/渔业生物技术北京重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-13 修回日期:2019-08-11 接受日期:2019-03-25 出版日期:2019-08-26 发布日期:2019-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 朱华
  • 基金资助:
    北京市观赏鱼产业创新团队(BAIC03-2019)；北京市自然科学基金“血根碱对锦鲤肠道形态、内容物、菌群结构和基因表达的影响” (6184040)；北京市农林科学院青年科研基金“植物提取物对锦鲤肠道免疫功能及微生物菌群调控机制研究”(QNJJ201819)。

Effects on Toxicity and Antioxidant Indices in Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulate: Ammonia and Nitrite

  • Received:2019-01-13 Revised:2019-08-11 Accepted:2019-03-25 Online:2019-08-26 Published:2019-08-26

PDF (PC)

105

摘要： 【目的】本试验旨在研究氨氮和亚硝氮对红剑鱼和孔雀鱼的毒性作用。【方法】试验采用静水生物急性毒性测试法，测定氨氮和亚硝氮对红剑鱼和孔雀鱼的安全浓度，并以此为基准开展慢性毒性实验，研究氨氮及亚硝氮对抗氧化指标的影响。【结果】氨氮和非离子氮对红剑鱼和孔雀鱼24、48、72、96 h的半数致死浓度和安全浓度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。亚硝氮对红剑鱼24、48、72、96 h的半数致死浓度和安全浓度均显著低于孔雀鱼(P<0.05)。氨氮、非离子氮和亚硝氮对红剑鱼的安全浓度分别为12.22、0.59和0.52 mg/L；氨氮、非离子氮和亚硝氮对孔雀鱼的安全浓度分别为12.54、0.55和1.77 mg/L。在安全浓度下，氨氮和亚硝氮对红剑和孔雀鱼鳃Na+/K+-ATP酶活、SOD酶活和T-AOC总抗氧化能力均无显著影响(P>0.05)；然而，在高水平氨氮和亚硝氮胁迫下，鳃Na+/K+-ATP酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】因此，在红剑鱼和孔雀鱼的养殖过程中，应严格控制水体氨氮和亚硝氮在安全浓度范围内。

关键词: H202, H202, 百合, 生根, 发芽, 内源激素

Abstract: The objective is to study the toxic effects of ammonia and nitrite on Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulate, and determine the safe concentration of ammonia and nitrite to Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulate with the test method for the acute toxicity of static water. The chronic toxicity test was conducted to determine the effects of ammonia and nitrite on antioxidant indices. The results showed that there was no difference in the 24, 48, 72, 96 h lethal concentration of ammonia nitrogen and non- ionic ammonia for Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulate (P>0.05). However, the 24, 48, 72, 96 h lethal concentration and safe concentration of nitrite for Xiphophorus hellerii were significantly lower than those of Poecilia reticulate (P< 0.05). The safe concentration of ammonia, non-ionic ammonia, and nitrite of Xiphophorus hellerii was 12.22, 0.59 and 0.52 mg/L, respectively. The safe concentration of ammonia, non- ionic ammonia and nitrite for Poecilia reticulate was 12.54, 0.55 and 1.77 mg/L, respectively. No difference was observed in gill Na+/K+- ATPase, SOD activity and T-AOC after exposed to ammonia and nitrite at the safe concentration for 96 h (P> 0.05). However, gill Na +/K +- ATPase activity decreased after exposed to ammonia and nitrite at the concentration of 0.5×LC50,96h (P<0.05). Therefore, the concentration of amino and nitrite should be controlled below the safe concentration in rearing Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulate.