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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (21): 61-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190500084

所属专题: 畜牧兽医

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳氮比对热带地区鸡粪和蔗渣堆肥腐熟进程的影响

黄艳艳1,2,3,4, 杨旭1,2,3,4, 杨红竹1,2,3,4, 贝美容1,2,3,4, 茶正早1,2,3,4, 罗微1,2,3,4, 林清火1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口 571101
    2 中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海口 571101
    3 农业农村部橡胶树生物学和遗传资源利用重点实验室,海口 571101
    4 省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室,海口 571101
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-03 修回日期:2019-05-28 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-07-21
  • 通讯作者: 林清火
  • 作者简介:黄艳艳,女,1984年出生,山东菏泽人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事有机废弃物肥料化利用方面的研究。通信地址:571737 海南省儋州市宝岛新村橡胶研究所,Tel:0898-23300220,E-mail:huanghecute@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项“热带地区畜禽粪便堆肥技术研究”(1630022018012);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项“新型肥料研发与效果评价”(1630022017007);农业环境污染治理专项“畜禽粪便资源化利用关键技术研究和示范”(NWZL2017001)

C/N Ratio: Effect on Composting of Mixtures of Chicken Manure and Bagasse in Tropical Areas

Huang Yanyan1,2,3,4, Yang Xu1,2,3,4, Yang Hongzhu1,2,3,4, Bei Meirong1,2,3,4, Cha Zhengzao1,2,3,4, Luo Wei1,2,3,4, Lin Qinghuo1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1 Rubber Research Institute, CATAS, Haikou 571101
    2 Fertilizer Research Center, CATAS, Haikou 571101
    3 Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Haikou 571101
    4 State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation &Physiology of Tropical Crops, Haikou 571101
  • Received:2019-05-03 Revised:2019-05-28 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-07-21
  • Contact: Lin Qinghuo

摘要:

为了探究热带地区鸡粪和蔗渣不同配比对堆肥腐熟进程的影响,寻求最佳物料配比,本研究采用好氧堆肥的方法,研究堆肥过程中不同C/N对堆肥温度、NH3排放、养分含量及腐熟度等理化指标的影响,探究不同C/N下畜禽粪便的堆肥效果。结果表明,C/N为20 (T1)、30 (T2)和40 (T3)处理的高温持续时间(>50℃)以上的持续时间分别为38天、32天和20天;T1处理的NH3累积排放量显著高于其他2个处理,T2处理的NH3挥发速率第1周内最快,说明有机质降解速度最快。随着C/N提高,其有机质含量越高,但NPK总养分含量越低。T2和T3的处理在OM、pH、NPK总养分、GI和NH4+含量指标均达到堆肥标准,而T1处理堆肥结束时OM和NH4+含量不符合标准。综合各个指标,C/N为30的处理为该研究中的最佳堆肥比例。

关键词: 碳氮比, 热带地区, 鸡粪, 蔗渣, 堆肥, 腐熟度

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effect of different C/N ratios on composting process of chicken manure and bagasse in tropical area, find the optimum C/N ratio, and optimize the composting parameters. The aerobic composting was used in this study, the effect of different C/N ratios on physical-chemical indexes, e.g. temperature, NH3 volatilization, content of total nutrients and maturity were studied, and the composting effect of chicken manure and bagasse under different C/N ratios was explored. Results showed that the duration time of high composting temperature (>50℃) of different C/N ratios, which was 20 (T1), 30 (T2) and 40 (T3) respectively, was 38, 32 and 20 d. The cumulative volatilization of NH3 in T1 treatment was significantly higher than those of the other two treatments. The volatilization rate of NH3 in T2 treatment was the fastest in the first week, indicated that the degradation rate of organic matter was the fastest. The content of OM was increased followed the increase of C/N ratio. Contrarily, total nutrient content of NPK were decreased. The OM, pH, NPK total nutrient, GI and NH4+content of C/N ratio in T2 and T3 treatment reached the composting standards, while the content of OM and NH4+ from C/N ratio in T1 treatment did not meet the standards at the end of composting. Taken together, the treatment of 30 C/N ratio is the best for aerobic composting in the study.

Key words: C/N ratio, tropics, chicken manure, bagasse, composting, putrescibility

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