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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (34): 64-70.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0252

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

核桃专用溶磷、解钾、促生长高效功能微生物的筛选与复配

张琪1(), 徐思琪1(), 赵学通1, 盘文政1, 尚海丽2, 王靓贤2, 赵荣彪2   

  1. 1云南云叶化肥股份有限公司,昆明 650217
    2云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司,昆明 650217
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-14 修回日期:2020-09-28 出版日期:2020-12-05 发布日期:2020-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 徐思琪
  • 作者简介:张琪,女,1986年出生,河北张家口人,农艺师,学士,目前从事土壤与肥料的研究。通信地址:650217 云南省昆明市经济开发区昌宏路49号 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司,Tel:0871-66146616,E-mail: 267277436@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重大科技专项计划-生物种业和农产品精深加工重大专项“核桃专用溶磷、解钾、促生长高效功能微生物的筛选与复配”(2018ZG001)

Special High-efficient Microorganisms for Dissolving Phosphorus, Potassium and Growth-promoting of Walnut: Screening and Compounding

Zhang Qi1(), Xu Siqi1(), Zhao Xuetong1, Pan Wenzheng1, Shang Haili2, Wang Jingxian2, Zhao Rongbiao2   

  1. 1Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217
    2Yunnan Fermentation Engineering Research Center Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217
  • Received:2020-07-14 Revised:2020-09-28 Online:2020-12-05 Published:2020-12-15
  • Contact: Xu Siqi

摘要:

为解决土壤内磷、钾难以被核桃吸收利用的问题,采用涂布稀释的方法,筛选出4株溶磷、解钾、促生长功能性微生物,对其进行鉴定,研究其复配后对核桃苗的影响。从土壤中筛选出1326株微生物,去除形态相同、革兰氏染色结果相同的菌株剩余536株菌,检测其溶磷、解钾、分泌激素的能力,筛选出4株功能菌株,编号为ht1、ht2、ht3、ht4;对4株菌进行形态特征观察及生理生化鉴定,结合16S rDNA序列进行分析,确定ht1、ht4为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),ht2、ht3为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis);对4株功能菌进行平板对峙试验,发现4株菌株无抑制作用,经过不同菌种复配后,检测出4株功能菌株复配的IAA分泌量有很大幅度的提高。探索4株菌种不同比例的复配效果,检测出4株菌种在土壤中具有较强定殖能力,测量核桃苗农艺性状,发现4株菌剂以1:1:1:1的比例混合效果最好,树高、枝下高、冠幅等指标明显高于其他处理。

关键词: 核桃, 功能微生物筛选, 鉴定, 功能验证, 农艺性状

Abstract:

To solve the problem that phosphorus and potassium in soil are difficult to be absorbed and utilized by plants, the functional microorganisms for dissolving phosphorus, potassium and growth promotion were screened out by the method of coating dilution. The results showed that 1326 strains of microorganisms were screened out from soil, 536 strains remained by removing the strains with the same morphology and gram staining results. The ability to dissolve phosphorus and potassium and secrete hormones was detected, and 4 functional strains were identified to study the effects of their combinations on walnut seedlings. Through the observation of the morphological characteristics and the physiological and biochemical identification of the 4 strains, and with the combination of 16S rDNA sequence analysis, ht1 and ht4 were confirmed as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and ht2 and ht3 as Bacillus subtilis. Plate confrontation test was carried out on the 4 functional strains, and it was found that the 4 strains had no inhibitory effect. After the combination of different strains, the IAA secretion of the 4 functional strains was significantly increased. The compounding effect of the 4 strains with different proportions was explored, and the strong colonization ability of the strains was detected in the soil. The measurement of agronomic traits of walnut seedlings showed that the compounding effect of the 4 strains with 1:1:1:1 ratio was the best, and the indexes of tree height, sub-branch height and crown width were significantly higher than those of other treatments.

Key words: walnut, screening of functional microorganisms, identification, functional verification, agronomic traits

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