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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 132-137.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300178

所属专题: 植物保护 水稻

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻主要病虫草害全程防控减量施药技术研究与探讨

司兆胜1(), 宋显东1, 宫香余1, 李鹏1, 赵同芝2   

  1. 1黑龙江省植检植保站,哈尔滨 150090
    2绥化市北林区农业技术推广中心,黑龙江绥化 152000
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-07 修回日期:2020-07-14 出版日期:2021-01-05 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 作者简介:司兆胜,男,1977年出生,黑龙江富裕人,高级农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事植物保护工作。通信地址:150090 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区珠江路21号,E-mail:sizs03@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“粮食主产区主要病虫草害发生及其绿色防控关键技术”(2016YFD0300710)

Technologies of Reducing Pesticide Application Amount in the Whole Process of Rice Diseases, Pests and Weeds Control

Si Zhaosheng1(), Song Xiandong1, Gong Xiangyu1, Li Peng1, Zhao Tongzhi2   

  1. 1Plant Quarantine and Plant Protection Station of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150090
    2Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center of Beilin District, Suihua City, Suihua Heilongjiang 152000
  • Received:2020-03-07 Revised:2020-07-14 Online:2021-01-05 Published:2020-12-25

摘要:

通过比较水稻主要病虫草害全程防控减量施药技术的优缺点,为农药减量应用提供技术参考。试验设计非化学绿色防控技术、化学药剂及化学药剂减量加助剂3套农药减量方案。方案一,化学药剂用量合计6450 mL/hm2,本田除草剂用量占比为97.7%;方案二,化学药剂用量合计8285.55 mL/hm2,除草剂用量占比为62%;方案三,化学药剂用量6616.05 mL/hm2,除草剂用量占比为36.7%。方案一施药次数比方案二和方案三少4次,化学药剂用量分别比方案二、方案三减少1835.55 mL/hm2和166.05 mL/hm2,分别减量22.2%和2.5%。方案三与方案二相比化学药剂用量减少1669.5 mL/hm2,减量20.1%。从农药减量与防控效果上看,方案一和方案三都达到了预期效果,方案一以生物措施防控水稻潜叶蝇和水稻二化螟,防效略高于其他2个方案。

关键词: 水稻, 全程, 防控, 减量

Abstract:

In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the technologies of reducing pesticide application amount in the whole process of rice diseases, pests and weeds control were compared. Three pesticide reduction schemes were designed, including non-chemical green control technology, chemical agent and chemical agent reduction plus additives. In scheme I, the total chemical dosage was 6450 mL/hm2, and the proportion of herbicide in the field was 97.7%. In scheme II, the total chemical dosage was 8285.55 mL/hm2, and the proportion of herbicide was 62%. In scheme III, the chemical dosage was 6616.05 mL/hm2, and the proportion of herbicide was 36.7%. The application times of scheme I were 4 times less than those of scheme II and scheme III, and the chemical dosage was 1835.55 mL/hm2 and 166.05 mL/hm2 less than those of scheme II and scheme III, with a reduction of 22.2% and 2.5%, respectively. Compared with scheme II, the dosage of chemical agent in scheme III was reduced by 1669.5 mL/hm2. In terms of pesticide reduction and control effect, scheme I and scheme III achieved the expected result. Scheme I could control rice leaf miner and rice stem borer with biological measures, and its control effect was slightly higher than that of the other two schemes.

Key words: rice, whole process, control, reduction

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