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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (34): 39-45.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0207

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

弱光对西瓜植株生长及果实发育的影响

高文瑞1(), 孙艳军1, 韩冰1, 李德翠1, 费聪1, 王显生2(), 徐刚1()   

  1. 1江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京 210014
    2江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/农业农村部植物新品种测试(南京)分中心,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-28 修回日期:2022-06-14 出版日期:2022-12-05 发布日期:2022-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 王显生,徐刚
  • 作者简介:高文瑞,女,1980年出生,山西太谷人,副研究员,博士,主要从事设施蔬菜栽培技术和相关生理和分子机理研究。Tel:025-84398820,E-mail:gaowr1225@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“外源氨基酸在设施西瓜弱光下果实膨大中的应用研究”(CX(20)3106);国家自然科学基金“弱光影响西瓜果实膨大的机理”(31601795);江苏省现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系建设项目“江苏省现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系设施构型创新团队”(JATS[2021]429)

Effects of Low Light on Plant Growth and Fruit Development of Watermelon

GAO Wenrui1(), SUN Yanjun1, HAN Bing1, LI Decui1, FEI Cong1, WANG Xiansheng2(), XU Gang1()   

  1. 1Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ iangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014
    2Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Nanjing DUS Testing Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2022-03-28 Revised:2022-06-14 Online:2022-12-05 Published:2022-11-25
  • Contact: WANG Xiansheng,XU Gang

摘要:

为明确弱光下西瓜果实难以正常膨大的问题,以西瓜‘苏蜜8号’为试材,通过田间遮阴模拟弱光试验,研究弱光对西瓜植株生长、果实发育的影响。结果表明,弱光对西瓜植株生长的影响从遮光处理开始就一直存在;授粉后的3~15天为西瓜果实快速膨大期,也是弱光影响西瓜果实膨大的关键时期。弱光能显著降低植株的株高、茎粗、叶数和叶大小,并能显著抑制植株光合作用和干鲜物质的积累。弱光使西瓜果肉细胞变小,数目变少;抑制西瓜果肉的细胞核内复制,进而影响西瓜果实的正常膨大。本研究可为西瓜栽培光环境管理和抗弱光栽培技术的研究及应用提供科学依据。

关键词: 弱光, 西瓜, 植株生长, 果实发育, 动态研究

Abstract:

The paper aims to clarify the problem that watermelon fruit is difficult to expand normally under low light stress. Watermelon variety ‘Sumi 8’ was used as test material to study the effects of low light on watermelon plant growth and fruit development through field shading simulated low light stress. The results showed that the effect of low light on watermelon plant growth existed from the beginning of shading treatment; 3-15 days after pollination was the rapid expansion period of watermelon fruit, which was also the key period of weak light affecting watermelon fruit expansion. Low light could significantly reduce the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf size, and could significantly inhibit the accumulation of dry and fresh matter and the photosynthesis. Low light seriously affected the size and number of watermelon pulp cells, restricted the nuclear replication of watermelon fruit, and then affected the normal expansion of watermelon fruit. This study provides a scientific basis for the research and application of light environment management and low light resistance cultivation techniques for watermelon.

Key words: low light, watermelon, plant growth, fruit development, dynamic study

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