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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (23): 143-147.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0803

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

3种瓢虫对西花蓟马和烟粉虱的控制能力研究

张欢1,2(), 何恒果2(), 刘国3, 余佳敏4, 刘东阳3, 邓全3, 李思翰1, 张培旭1, 雍艳萍1, 伍兴隆2, 肖科军2, 蒲德强1()   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所，成都 610066
    2 西华师范大学生命科学院，四川南充 637009
    3 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司，四川西昌 615000
    4 四川省烟草公司，成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-21 修回日期:2024-02-28 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-08-09
  • 通讯作者:
    何恒果，女，1978年出生，四川宜宾人，副教授，博士，主要从事害虫综合治理研究工作。通信地址：637009 四川省南充市师大路1号 西华师范大学生命科学学院，E-mail：；蒲德强，男，1980年出生，四川叙永人，副研究员，博士，主要从事害虫防治研究。通信地址：610066 四川省成都市锦江区静居寺路20号，E-mail：。
    何恒果，女，1978年出生，四川宜宾人，副教授，博士，主要从事害虫综合治理研究工作。通信地址：637009 四川省南充市师大路1号 西华师范大学生命科学学院，E-mail：；蒲德强，男，1980年出生，四川叙永人，副研究员，博士，主要从事害虫防治研究。通信地址：610066 四川省成都市锦江区静居寺路20号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张欢，女，1999年出生，四川广安人，硕士研究生，研究方向：害虫生物防治。通信地址：637009 四川省南充市师大路1号 西华师范大学生命科学学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    四川省烟草公司重点科技项目“天敌昆虫防治媒介害虫技术研究与应用”(SCYC202212); 四川省现代农业产业技术体系茶叶创新团队项目“茶园病虫害绿色防控技术”(sccxtd-2024-10)

Control Ability of Three Species Ladybird Beetles on Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci

ZHANG Huan1,2(), HE Hengguo2(), LIU Guo3, YU Jiamin4, LIU Dongyang3, DENG Quan3, LI Sihan1, ZHANG Peixu1, YONG Yanping1, WU Xinglong2, XIAO Kejun2, PU Deqiang1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2 College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009
    3 Liangshan Municipal Tobacco Company, Xichang, Sichuan 615000
    4 Sichuan Tobacco Company, Chengdu 610041
  • Received:2023-11-21 Revised:2024-02-28 Published:2024-08-15 Online:2024-08-09

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摘要：

本研究旨在探讨多异瓢虫、七星瓢虫和十斑大瓢虫这3种天敌昆虫对西花蓟马和烟粉虱的生物防治潜能。在室内条件下，用田间采集的西花蓟马和烟粉虱若虫对3种瓢虫进行不同益害比的饲喂试验，试验过程中记录各处理西花蓟马虫口密度、烟粉虱若虫有咬痕个数及羽化的成虫比例。结果表明，西花蓟马饲喂处理3 d后，3种瓢虫成虫和幼虫对西花蓟马的控制能力由强到弱为：多异瓢虫成虫>七星瓢虫3龄幼虫>七星瓢虫成虫>十斑大瓢虫3龄幼虫>多异瓢虫3龄幼虫>十斑大瓢虫成虫，其中多异瓢虫成虫对西花蓟马的防治效果最高，达到48.35%。烟粉虱若虫饲喂处理3 d后，十斑大瓢虫幼虫处理组中烟粉虱低龄若虫有咬痕的个数占比为2.61%，显著高于对照组，其余处理间没有显著性差异；各处理组烟粉虱成虫羽化率之间没有显著性差异。研究表明，多异瓢虫成虫对西花蓟马的防治效果较高，十斑大瓢虫幼虫对烟粉虱低龄若虫具有一定取食趋性，但3种瓢虫对烟粉虱高龄若虫均没有取食趋性。

关键词: 西花蓟马, 烟粉虱, 多异瓢虫, 七星瓢虫, 十斑大瓢虫, 生物防治, 益害比, 取食趋性

Abstract:

The aim is to clarify the biological control potential of three dominant natural enemies, Hippodamia variegata, Coccinella septempunctata L. and Megalocaria dilatata, against Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci. Under indoor conditions, three species of ladybugs were fed with different benefit-to-harm ratios using field collected F. occidentalis and B. tabaci nymphs, the density of F. occidentalis and the number of B. tabaci nymphs with feeding marks was recorded, as well as the proportion of their adults that had emerged, for each treatment during the experiment. The results showed that after 3 days of feeding and treatment of F. occidentalis, the control ability of the three adult ladybugs and larvae on F. occidentalis was: adults of H. variegata>third instar larvae of C. septempunctata L.>adults of C. septempunctata L.>third instar larvae of M. dilatate> third instar larvae of larvae of H. variegata> adults of M. dilatata, among which the adult H. variegata had the highest control effect on F. occidentalis, reaching 48.35%. After 3 days of feeding and treatment of B. tabaci nymphs, the number of bite marks of young nymphs in the third-instar larvae treatment group of M. dilatata was 2.61%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the other treatments. There was no significant difference in the adult plumbing rate of B.tabaci between the treatment groups. This study showed that the adults of H. variegata had a high control effect on F. occidentalis, and the third instar larvae of M. dilatate had a certain feeding tendency against the young nymphs of B. tabaci nymphs, and the three kinds of ladybirds did not have feeding tendency to the old nymphs of B. tabaci nymphs.

Key words: Frankliniella occidentalis, Bemisia tabaci, Hippodamia variegate, Coccinella septempunctata, Megalocaria dilatate, biological control, benefit-to-harm ratio, feeding preference