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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (26): 1-7.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0779

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

种植密度对豫东地区夏玉米产量及其构成因素的影响

崔钦然1(), 唐东山2(), 赵广春2   

  1. 1 商丘市睢阳区农业农村局,河南商丘 476000
    2 商丘市乡村产业发展中心土壤肥料科,河南商丘 476000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-14 修回日期:2024-02-16 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 通讯作者:
    唐东山,男,河南商丘人,农艺师,主要从事土肥技术推广工作。通信地址:476000 河南省商丘市文化西路天伦经典小区,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    崔钦然,男,1990年出生,河南商丘人,农艺师,主要从事农业技术推广工作。通信地址:476000 河南省商丘市睢阳区碧桂园城央学府,E-mail:

The Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Its Components of Summer Maize in East Henan Province

CUI Qinran1(), TANG Dongshan2(), ZHAO Guangchun2   

  1. 1 Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Suiyang District, Shangqiu, Henan 476000
    2 Soil and Fertilizer Department of Shangqiu Rural Industrial Development Center, Shangqiu, Henan 476000
  • Received:2023-11-14 Revised:2024-02-16 Published:2024-09-15 Online:2024-09-11

摘要:

为研究豫东地区主推的夏玉米品种的最佳种植密度,选用‘登海605’、‘美加605’、‘中科505’和‘MY73’ 4个玉米品种为供试材料,在4处不同生产环境条件下,每个品种分别设8种不同种植密度处理,采用随机区组试验设计方法,研究种植密度对产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,空棵率随密度增加而增加;穗粒数随密度的增加而下降且呈线性负相关关系,种植密度在一定范围内对穗粒数的影响差异不显著且不同品种表现也不相同;千粒重随密度增加下降趋势明显且呈线性负相关关系;产量随密度的增加表现为先增后减的趋势。研究发现,各品种的适宜种植密度范围为:‘登海605’为60000~82500株/hm2,最佳密度69102株/hm2;‘美加605’为60000~75000株/hm2,最佳密度72277株/hm2;‘中科505’为52500~67500株/hm2,最佳密度60727株/hm2;‘MY73’为60000~82500株/hm2,最佳密度72141株/hm2。通过试验得出豫东地区主推夏玉米品种的适宜种植密度,可以为地方增产起到示范推广的作用。

关键词: 夏玉米, 种植密度, 豫东地区, 产量, 穗粒数, 千粒重

Abstract:

To study the effect of planting density on yield and its components, 4 main cultivated cultivars in east Henan Province were investigated respectively under 4 different production environments, adopting the method of randomized block test design. The results showed that the rate of empty stalk increased along with the increase of planting density, grain number per spike declined with the increase of density with a negative linear correlation, the effect of planting density on number of grains per ear was not significant and the results varied with different cultivars; the declining trend of 1000- grain weight was obvious along with the increase of density and a negative linear correlation existed; the grain yield increased first and then decreased with the density increasing; suitable planting densities were listed. ‘Denghai 605’ was 60000-82500 plants/hm2, and the optimum density was 69102 plants/hm2; ‘Meijia 605’ was 60000-75000 plants/hm2, and the optimum density was 72277 plants/hm2; ‘Zhongke 505’ was 52500-67500 plants/hm2, and the optimum density was 60727 plants/hm2; ‘MY73’ was 60000-82500 plants/hm2, and the optimum density was 72141 plants/hm2.

Key words: summer maize, planting density, east Henan Province, yield, grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight