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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 118-124.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0857

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省玉米大风灾害风险评估研究

刘赫男(), 张洪玲, 徐永清, 朱红蕊()   

  1. 黑龙江省气候中心,哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-13 修回日期:2024-08-14 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者:
    朱红蕊,女,1983年出生,黑龙江牡丹江人,副高,硕士,主要从事气候变化方向的研究。通信地址:150030 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区电碳路71号 黑龙江省气候中心,Tel:0451-55176335,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    刘赫男,女,1983年出生,黑龙江双鸭山人,副高,硕士,主要从事气候变化及气候可行性论证方向的研究。通信地址:150030 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区电碳路71号 黑龙江省气候中心,Tel:0451-55176335,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省科技厅项目“基于气象雷达等多源资料的强对流(大风、龙卷)预报技术研究”(GA22C003)

Risk Assessment of Gale Disaster on Corn in Heilongjiang Province

LIU Henan(), ZHANG Hongling, XU Yongqing, ZHU Hongrui()   

  1. Heilongjiang Climate Center, Harbin 150030
  • Received:2023-12-13 Revised:2024-08-14 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-12-03

摘要:

为研究高纬度地区玉米作物受大风灾害的影响,基于自然灾害风险理论,结合ArcGIS空间分析技术,分析黑龙江省玉米大风灾害致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性、承灾体暴露性以及防灾减灾能力,并对其进行综合风险评估。研究得出,玉米大风灾害的高发区集中在松嫩平原东南部以及三江平原西部,这些地区地势平坦、无大范围植被覆盖、大风危险系数较高、玉米种植面积较大、防灾减灾能力中等。提出可通过优先选用抗倒伏品种,在温暖适宜的气候播种,种植中定期加固玉米植株,并采取覆盖保护等措施进行预防和防治玉米倒伏折损。研究结果可为有关部门调整农业结构及制定防灾减灾对策和措施提供理论依据。

关键词: 高纬度地区, 黑龙江省, 玉米, 大风灾害, 风险评估, ArcGIS空间分析, 灾害风险理论

Abstract:

In order to study the impact of gale disasters on corn crops in high latitudes, based on the theory of natural disaster risk and combined with ArcGIS spatial analysis technology, this paper analyzed the risk factors of gale disasters in Heilongjiang Province, the environmental sensitivity of disaster, the exposure of disaster bearing bodies and the ability of disaster prevention and reduction, and carried out a comprehensive risk assessment. The research shows that the high incidence areas of corn gale disasters are concentrated in the southeast of Songnen Plain and the west of Sanjiang Plain. These areas have flat terrain, no large-scale vegetation coverage, high wind risk coefficient, large corn planting area and medium disaster prevention and mitigation ability. It is suggested that maize lodging damage could be prevented and controlled by giving priority to the selection of lodging-resistant varieties, sowing in warm and suitable climate, regularly reinforcing maize plants during planting, and taking measures such as mulching protection. The results provide a theoretical basis for the relevant departments to adjust the agricultural structure and formulate disaster prevention and mitigation countermeasures and measures.

Key words: high latitude regions, Heilongjiang Province, corn, gale disaster, risk assessment, ArcGIS spatial analysis, disaster risk theory