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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 149-156.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0280

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

怒江西藏段3种鱼类肠道微生物多样性比较研究

刘艳超(), 翁仕洋, 魏聪()   

  1. 西藏自治区高原生物研究所，拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-28 修回日期:2024-08-18 出版日期:2025-01-13 发布日期:2025-01-13
  • 通讯作者:
    魏聪，男，1991年出生，四川广安人，助理研究员，研究方向：动物生态学。通信地址：850000 西藏自治区拉萨市城关区农科路64号 西藏农业科技创新园，Tel：0891-6832107，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘艳超，男，1993年出生，河北石家庄人，助理研究员，研究方向：动物生态学。通信地址：850000 西藏自治区拉萨市城关区农科路64号 西藏农业科技创新园，Tel：0891-6832107，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“高黎贡地区野生动物全景动态监测体系建设与安全评估示范”(2022YFC2602500); 西藏自治区自然科学基金项目“弧唇裂腹鱼幼鱼多变量形态学分析、生长特性及食物组成研究”(XZ202101ZR0110G)

Comparative Study on Gut Microbial Diversity of Three Fish Species in Nujiang River in Xizang

LIU Yanchao(), WENG Shiyang, WEI Cong()   

  1. Institute of Plateau Biology of Xizang Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000
  • Received:2024-04-28 Revised:2024-08-18 Published:2025-01-13 Online:2025-01-13

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摘要：

为了解西藏怒江流域3种鱼类肠道的菌群组成结构，本研究采用16S rRNA的V3-V4区测序方法分析西藏怒江流域3种鱼类肠道微生物物种组成、丰度及多样性。结果共获得1153446条有效序列，1754个OTU。怒江裂腹鱼肠道微生物中共鉴定出27门、56纲、154目、297科、634属；热裸裂尻鱼中共鉴定出29门、59纲、165目、308科、659属；细尾高原鳅中共鉴定出29门、62纲、161目、306科、647属。在门水平上，3种鱼类的菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为主，占比均达70%以上。在属水平上，怒江裂腹鱼、热裸裂尻鱼和细尾高原鳅相对丰度最高的菌属分别为气单胞菌属、假红杆菌属和根瘤菌属菌群。多样性分析表明，热裸裂尻鱼样品中的Shannon指数高于怒江裂腹鱼和细尾高原鳅，但差异不显著(P>0.05)。3种鱼类在门水平上群落组成和比例较为类似，在属水平上虽然群落结构类似，但物种占比明显不同。PCoA分析显示，怒江裂腹鱼与热裸裂尻鱼肠道微生物差异更小。

关键词: 西藏怒江流域, 怒江裂腹鱼, 热裸裂尻鱼, 细尾高原鳅, 肠道微生物, 高通量测序, 鱼类肠道菌群, 16S rRNA测序, 物种多样性, 群落结构

Abstract:

To understand the microbial composition and structure of the intestinal tract of three fish species in the Nujiang River basin in Xizang, the study was conducted to analyze the species composition, abundance and diversity of intestinal microorganisms of three fish species in the Nujiang River basin by sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA. A total of 1153446 valid sequences and 1754 OTUs were obtained from all samples. These microorganisms of Schizothorax nukiangensis were determined to belong to 27 phyla, 56 classes, 154 orders, 297 families and 634 genera. The microorganisms of Schizopygopsis thermalis were determined to belong to 29 phyla, 59 classes, 165 orders, 308 families and 659 genera. The microorganisms of Triplophysa stenura were determined to belong to 29 phyla, 62 classes, 161 orders, 306 families and 647 genera. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant microflora of all three species of fishes, accounted for more than 70% of the total. At the genus level, Aeromonas was the dominant genus in the intestinal microbiota of S. nukiangensis, Pseudorhodobacter was the dominant genus in the intestinal microbiota of S. thermalis, Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium was the dominant genus in the intestinal microbiota of T. stenura. Diversity analysis showed that Shannon's index was higher in the samples of S. thermalis than in the samples of S. nukiangensis and T. stenura, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The community composition and proportions of the three fishes were relatively similar at the phylum level. However, at the genus level, although the community structure was similar, the species proportions were significantly different. PCoA analysis showed even smaller differences between S. nukiangensis and S. thermalis in gut microflora.

Key words: Xizang Nujiang River basin, Schizothorax nukiangensis, Schizopygopsis thermalis, Triplophysa stenura, Gut microorganism, High-throughput sequencing, fish gut microbiota, 16s rRNA sequencing, species diversity, community structure