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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (28): 94-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0825

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

文山地区三七根际真菌群落多样性及与土壤类型的关系研究

杨玉玲(), 王灿, 屈用函, 茹瑞红, 孙宏伟, 李雪萍, 杨清松, 陶永宏()   

  1. 文山壮族苗族自治州农业科学院，文山云南 663000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-22 修回日期:2024-06-27 出版日期:2024-10-05 发布日期:2024-09-29
  • 通讯作者:
    陶永宏，男，1982年出生，云南泸西人，研究员，博士，主要从事中药材种质资源遗传育种研究。通信地址：663000 云南省文山州文山市泰康西路2号 文山州农业科学院，Tel：0876-3034538，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    杨玉玲，女，1985年出生，新疆石河子人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事中药材种质资源收集及利用研究。通信地址：663000 云南省文山州文山市泰康西路2号 文山州农业科学院，Tel：0876-3034538，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202105AC160003); 道地药材（三七、草果）林下生态高效栽培关键技术集成示范项目(202304BP090026)

Study on Fungal Community Diversity in Rhizosphere of Panax notoginseng in Different Regions of Wenshan

YANG Yuling(), WANG Can, QU Yonghan, RU Ruihong, SUN Hongwei, LI Xueping, YANG Qingsong, TAO Yonghong()   

  1. Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan, Yunnan 663000
  • Received:2023-11-22 Revised:2024-06-27 Published:2024-10-05 Online:2024-09-29

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摘要：

为探讨文山地区土壤类型对三七根际真菌群落多样性的影响，采集文山市平坝镇(WA)、砚山县维摩乡(WB)、西畴县莲花塘乡(WC)和马关县夹寒箐镇(WD)4个三七种植区代表性土壤的样本，利用高通量测序技术分析三七根际真菌群落结构差异及其特征微生物。结果表明，在门分类水平下排名前3位的分别是子囊菌门(65.76%~88.60%)、被孢菌门(2.75%~26.20%)和担子菌门(2.82%~5.44%)。处理WB的多样性指数Chao1、Ace、Shannon显著高于其他处理，分别是327.47、328.35、3.22。PCA分析显示各处理土壤样本真菌群落结构相似性较小，具有显著差异(Adonis，R2=0.533，P=0.001)。LefSe富集分析显示，各处理富集的真菌类群显著不同，处理WA中除未知分类外，Mortierellomycetes纲中有益菌被孢霉属、青霉菌属等显著富集。处理WB中刺盾炱目、散囊菌纲等显著富集。处理WC中葫芦霉科粪生粪壳菌等显著富集。处理WD中是虫囊菌纲、酵母菌纲等显著富集。此外Rd与致病菌镰刀属有显著正相关，癣囊腔菌属与R1、Rb1、Rd显著负相关，Re与致病菌土赤壳属显著正相关，Re与潜在有益菌球毛壳霉显著正相关。群落相关性分析中，致病菌镰刀属与Sclerotinia、Conlarium呈负相关。这些真菌有可能是对三七根腐病病原菌具有拮抗作用的真菌资源，具有颉颃致病菌的潜在功能。研究结果可为三七生防菌的挖掘提供依据。

关键词: 三七, 土壤类型, 根际, 真菌群落, 多样性, 真菌群落多样性, 高通量测序, 生物防治, 人参皂苷

Abstract:

To investigate the variations in fungal community diversity in the rhizosphere of Panax notoginseng across different soil types in Wenshan region and elucidate the characteristics of fungal communities associated with P. notoginseng, four representative soils from P. notoginseng planting areas, including Pingba Township of Wenshan City (WA), Weimo Township of Yanshan County (WB), Lianhuatang Township of Xichou County (WC), and Jiahanqing Township of Maguan County (WD), were selected as research subjects. High-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the differences and features of fungal community structure among different soil types. The results revealed that at the phylum level, Ascomycota (65.76%-88.60%), Mortierellomycota (2.75%-26.20%), and Basidiomycota (2.82%-5.44%) were identified as the top three dominant phylum, respectively. The diversity indices of treatment WB including Chao1, Ace and Shannon were significantly higher than other treatments, with respective values of 327.47, 328.35 and 3.22. PCA analysis demonstrated significant dissimilarities in fungal community structures among each treatment’s soil samples with low similarity (Adonis， R2=0.533, P=0.001). LefSe enrichment analysis indicated notable disparities in enriched fungal taxa among treatments. Treatment WA exhibited significant enrichment of beneficial fungi such as Mortierella and Penicillium within Mortierellomycetes class except for unknown classification. Treatment WB displayed substantial enrichment of Chaetothyriales and Eurotiomycetes. Cucurbitariaceae and Sordaria were significantly enriched within treatment WC. In the treatment WD, Laboulbeniomycetes and Saccharomycetes exhibited significant enrichment. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between ginsenoside Rd and the pathogenic fungus Fusarium, while Plectosphaerella displayed a significant negative correlation with R1, Rb1, and Rd. Ginsenoside Re demonstrated a noteworthy positive correlation with the pathogenic fungus Ilyonectria; however, it exhibited a substantial positive correlation with the potential beneficial fungus Chaetomium. In terms of community correlation analysis, Fusarium exhibited an inverse relationship with Sclerotinia and Conlarium. These fungi could potentially serve as valuable fungal resources that antagonize root rot pathogens in P. notoginseng plants and possess functions against pathogenic fungi. This study provides novel insights for exploring biocontrol agents in P. notoginseng cultivation areas in Wenshan Prefecture for soil improvement and promoting high-quality production of P. notoginseng.

Key words: Panax notoginseng, soil types, rhizosphere, fungal community, diversity, fungal community diversity, high-throughput sequencing, biological control, ginsenosides