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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (28): 122-130.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0336

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

印楝素对橘小实蝇肠道微生物群落及代谢功能的影响

张守梅1(), 邵雪花2()   

  1. 1 广州市南沙区万顷沙镇农业农村技术服务中心，广州 511462
    2 广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室，广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-10 修回日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 通讯作者:
    邵雪花，女，1983年出生，宁夏石嘴山人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：果树病虫害生物防治。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号 广东省农业科学院果树研究所，Tel：020-38765935，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张守梅，女，1979年出生，山东烟台人，高级农艺师，研究生，研究方向：果树病虫害生物防治。通信地址：511462 广东省广州市南沙区珠江街中兴西路26号 广州市南沙区万顷沙镇农业农村技术服务中心，Tel：020-84941168，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金面上项目“宽缨酮靶向InR受体蛋白毒杀斜纹夜蛾的分子机理”(2024A1515011448)

Effects of Azadirachtin on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Function of Bactrocera dorsalis

ZHANG Shoumei1(), SHAO Xuehua2()   

  1. 1 Wanqingsha Town Agricultural and Rural Technical Service Center, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511462
    2 Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2024-11-10 Revised:2025-02-15 Published:2025-10-05 Online:2025-10-10

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摘要：

为探究印楝素对橘小实蝇肠道微生物群落结构及功能的影响，以橘小实蝇为试材，运用16S rDNA和18S rDNA高通量测序技术，对橘小实蝇肠道微生物群落结构展开研究。结果显示，经印楝素处理后，橘小实蝇肠道微生物群落结构发生显著变化。橘小实蝇肠道细菌门水平上，变形菌门相对丰度从21.95%上升至49.13%，厚壁菌门从58.41%下降至16.98%；细菌属水平上，乳杆菌属相对丰度从50.96%降至5.95%；细菌种水平上，耐久肠球菌相对丰度从7.22%降至0.68%。真菌门水平上子囊菌门相对丰度从78.95%升至95.95%，毕赤酵母属从95.41%降至78.12%。代谢通路分析显示，肠道细菌参与碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢、能量代谢等多种功能。综合来看，印楝素可显著改变橘小实蝇肠道微生物群落结构，提高细菌群落多样性，打破肠道稳态，为生物防治提供了新思路。

关键词: 印楝素, 橘小实蝇, 微生物多样性, 肠道菌群, 高通量测序

Abstract:

This study aims to explore the effects of azadirachtin on the structure and function of the gut microbial community of the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis). Using the oriental fruit fly as the test material, the high-throughput sequencing techniques of 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA were employed to study the structure of the gut microbial community of the oriental fruit fly. The results showed that after azadirachtin treatment, the intestinal microbial community structure of B. dorsalis changed significantly. After treatment with azadirachtin, at the phylum level of gut bacteria of the oriental fruit fly, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased from 21.95% to 49.13%, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased from 58.41% to 16.98%. At the genus level of bacteria, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus decreased from 50.96% to 5.95%. At the species level of bacteria, the relative abundance of Enterococcus durans decreased from 7.22% to 0.68%. At the phylum level of fungi, the relative abundance of Ascomycota increased from 78.95% to 95.95%, and the relative abundance of Pichia decreased from 95.41% to 78.12%. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that gut bacteria were involved in various functions such as carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. On the whole, azadirachtin can significantly alter the structure of the gut microbial community of the oriental fruit fly, increase the diversity of bacterial colonies, disrupt the gut homeostasis, and provide new ideas for biological control.

Key words: azadirachtin, Bactrocera dorsalis, microbial diversity, intestinal flora, high-throughput sequencing