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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (34): 96-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0469

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

宜宾市主要产茶区茶园土壤养分分析及综合评价

刘明丽1(), 滕皎2, 蒋宾3, 彭海波1, 潘从飞1, 胡敏1, 黎明勇1(), 刘跃云1()   

  1. 1 宜宾市茶产业研究院,四川宜宾 644000
    2 宜宾林竹产业研究院,四川宜宾 644000
    3 宜宾职业技术学院现代农业学院,四川宜宾 644003
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 修回日期:2025-10-27 出版日期:2025-12-04 发布日期:2025-12-04
  • 通讯作者:
    黎明勇,男,1971年出生,农艺师,本科,主要从事茶园机械方面研究。通信地址:644000 宜宾市翠屏区宜宾学院临港校区,Tel:0831-8088002,E-mail:
    刘跃云,女,1985年出生,研究员,硕士研究生,主要从事茶叶加工方面的研究。通信地址:644000 宜宾市翠屏区宜宾学院临港校区,Tel:0831-8200876,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    刘明丽,女,1994年出生,贵州六盘水人,农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事茶园土壤与栽培方面的研究。通信地址:644000 宜宾市翠屏区宜宾学院临港校区,Tel:0831-8088008,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    宜宾市科技计划项目“引进高香茶树品种适应性和适制性研究”(2024MZGC010); 国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目“国家茶叶产业技术体系”(CARS-19); 宜宾职业技术学院科研项目“宜宾茶区川红工夫红茶适制品种筛选及工艺优化研究”(ZRZD24-11)

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Nutrient in Tea Plantations in Major Tea Producing Areas of Yibin

LIU Mingli1(), TENG Jiao2, JIANG Bin3, PENG Haibo1, PAN Congfei1, HU Min1, LI Mingyong1(), LIU Yueyun1()   

  1. 1 Yibin Research Institute of Tea Industry, Yibin, Sichuan 644000
    2 Forestry and Bamboo Industry Research Institute of Yibin, Yibin, Sichuan 644000
    3 School of Modern Agriculture, Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin, Sichuan 644003
  • Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-10-27 Published:2025-12-04 Online:2025-12-04

摘要:

为探明宜宾市主要产茶区茶园土壤的理化指标和养分状况,科学指导当地茶园施肥和土壤养分管理,对宜宾市5个主要产茶区县茶园土壤进行采样分析,检测茶园土壤pH、大量与中微量元素(Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu、K、P、Al)以及全氮、全碳含量,并进行养分等级评价。结果表明:(1)宜宾市主产茶区茶园土壤pH 3.95~6.90,部分地区已出现酸化。(2)有效K含量丰富,Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Al含量以Ⅰ级(充足)和Ⅲ级(适宜)为主。(3)近一半的茶区P和全氮含量相对不足,Ca和Mg全域普遍缺乏,全碳含量整体偏低。总之,宜宾市主产茶区茶园0~40 cm土层土壤整体肥力较高。建议茶园管理中增施有机肥以调节土壤pH、提高全碳含量,部分茶区适当补充氮肥,全域增施钙镁肥,推动科学施肥。

关键词: 宜宾, 茶园土壤, 营养元素, 全氮, 全碳

Abstract:

To explore the physicochemical indexes and nutrient status of tea plantations in the main tea producing areas of Yibin City, and to better guide the scientific application of fertilizers and soil nutrient management in local tea plantations, field surveys and soil sampling were conducted in five major tea-producing districts and counties of Yibin City. The pH and nutrient elements (Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, K, P and Al) of tea plantation soils were tested as well as nutrient indexes such as total nitrogen and total carbon, and nutrient grades were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that: (1) the pH of tea garden soil in the main tea producing areas of Yibin City was between 3.95 and 6.90, and some areas showed a trend of acidification. (2) According to the grading standards of effective state trace elements and nutrient contents in tea garden soils, the effective K nutrients of tea garden soils in the main production areas presented a very rich state; most of the contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Al were in grade Ⅰ and Ⅲ, presenting a rich and suitable state. (3) Nearly half of the tea areas were relatively deficient in elemental P and total nitrogen; Ca and Mg showed a tendency to be deficient throughout the tea areas; and the total carbon content was low. In short, the overall soil fertility of 0-40 cm soil layer in the main tea producing areas of Yibin City was higher. It is suggested that the application of organic fertilizer should be strengthened in tea garden management to adjust soil pH and increase total carbon content. Nitrogen fertilizer should be supplemented appropriately in some tea areas, and calcium and magnesium fertilizer should be applied in all tea producing areas to achieve scientific fertilization.

Key words: Yibin City, tea plantations soil, nutrient elements, total nitrogen, total carbon