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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 93-102.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0427

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同轮作模式对迟菜心种植土壤微生态的影响

陈宝珠1,2(), 黄继川1, 许杨贵1, 彭一平1, 李珠娴1, 梁健仪1, 钟文亮1, 晏育伟3(), 涂玉婷1()   

  1. 1 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室, 广州 510640
    2 广东海洋大学化学与环境学院, 湛江 524088
    3 广东省农业科学院, 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-30 修回日期:2025-08-05 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者:
    涂玉婷,女,1987年出生,福建三明人,研究员,博士,研究方向:障碍土壤改良。通信地址:510640 广州市天河区金颖路66号,Tel:020-38469763,E-mail:
    晏育伟,男,1988年出生,湖南娄底人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:农业技术推广。通信地址:510640 广州市天河区金颖路29号 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,Tel:020-38213849,E-mal:
  • 作者简介:

    陈宝珠,女,2001年出生,广东茂名人,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤改良与培肥。通信地址:510640 广州市天河区金颖路66号 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,Tel:020-38469763,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广东省重点领域研发计划项目“耕地土壤酸化绿色防控技术研究与示范”(2023B0202010027); “十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目“南方耕地土壤退化阻控技术”(2022SDZG08); 广州市基础研究计划项目“科技支撑增城区现代生态农业综合示范园建设”(202002020059); 广东省农业科学院青年科技人才培养计划项目“腐殖质介导的自由基反应驱动土壤中番茄酚酸类化感物质的去除机制研究”(R2023PY-QN004)

Effects of Different Crop Rotation Patterns on Soil Microbial Ecology in Late Flowering Cabbage Cultivation

CHEN Baozhu1,2(), HUANG Jichuan1, Xu Yanggui1, PENG Yiping1, Li Zhuxian1, LIANG Jianyi1, ZHONG Wenliang1, YAN Yuwei3(), TU Yuting1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640
    2 School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088
    3 Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2025-05-30 Revised:2025-08-05 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-01-22

摘要:

针对增城迟菜心(国家地理标志产品)主产区“菜-菜”与“稻-菜”轮作易引发土壤酸化、微生态退化的问题,为优化产区土壤健康管理模式,以“茄子-迟菜心”(VVR,菜-菜轮作)和“水稻-迟菜心”(RVR,稻-菜轮作)为研究对象,通过田间试验测定不同轮作模式下土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物群落结构,系统评估土壤微生态差异。与“菜-菜”(VVR)模式相比,“稻-菜”(RVR)模式土壤pH值提高了0.38~0.76单位,但电导率、有机质及速效养分含量降低7.3%~59.5%。RVR显著增强了蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性(提高0.5~1.4倍),并维持了更高且更稳定的细菌α多样性,其中Chao1与香农指数分别较VVR高出13.4%~27.6%。冗余分析表明,pH、多酚氧化酶和酸性磷酸酶是驱动土壤微生物群落变异的关键环境因子,并显著影响硝化螺旋菌门等多个关键菌群的相对丰度。“菜-菜”轮作虽有利于养分积累但存在酸化风险,而“稻-菜”轮作通过协同调控土壤pH与关键酶活性,能有效维持土壤微生态稳定。本研究为地理标志农产品区的土壤健康管理优化提供了理论依据。

关键词: 迟菜心, 轮作模式, 土壤理化性质, 土壤酶活性, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the "vegetable-vegetable" (eggplant-late flowering cabbage, VVR) and "rice-vegetable" (rice-late flowering cabbage, RVR) crop rotation patterns on the soil microecology of fields cultivating Zengcheng late flowering cabbage (a national geographical indication product). Using late flowering cabbage, eggplant, and rice as test materials, a field experiment was conducted to determine soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure under different rotation patterns. A systematic assessment of soil microecological differences was performed. Compared with the VVR pattern, the RVR pattern increased soil pH by 0.38-0.76 units, but reduced electrical conductivity, organic matter, and available nutrient contents by 7.3%-59.5%. RVR significantly enhanced sucrase and catalase activities (by 0.5- to 1.4-fold), and maintained higher and more stable bacterial alpha-diversity, with Chao1 and Shannon indices exceeding those of VVR by 13.4%-27.6%. Redundancy analysis indicated that pH, polyphenol oxidase, and acid phosphatase were key environmental factors driving soil microbial community variation, significantly affecting the relative abundance of several key microbial phyla, including Nitrospirota. Although the VVR facilitates nutrient accumulation, it carries a risk of soil acidification. In contrast, the RVR effectively maintains soil microecological stability through synergistic regulation of soil pH and key enzyme activities. This study provides theoretical support for optimizing soil health management in areas producing geographical indication agricultural products.

Key words: late flowering cabbage, crop rotation systems, soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, soil microorganisms