土壤镉砷复合污染对工业辣椒生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0567

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 117-125.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0567

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

土壤镉砷复合污染对工业辣椒生长的影响

李静茹¹(), 李卓晴¹, 向清清¹, 李磊福², 邹瑞娟², 雷鸣¹()

¹ 湖南农业大学环境与生态学院，长沙 410128
² 中泉万汇环境科技有限公司，长沙 410128

收稿日期:2025-07-01 修回日期:2025-12-08 出版日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-02-27
通讯作者:
雷鸣，男，1975年出生，湖南郴州人，教授，博士，研究方向：环境污染修复与治理。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大1路，E-mail：leiming@hunau.edu.cn。
作者简介:
李静茹，女，2001年出生，湖南浏阳人，硕士研究生，主要从事重金属污染修复研究。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大1路，E-mail：lijingru08@163.com。
基金资助:
科技部重点研发项目“湘江流域产地镉砷污染区域形成过程与预测”(2022YFD1700101); 湖南省自然科学基金项目“水稻根际铁锰矿物界面镉-砷的相互作用及阻控机制研究”(2022JJ30306); 湖南省创新平台与人才计划“江永县‘中秋酥脆枣’富硒规律及其推广”(2022NK4227); 湖南省研究生科研创新项目“粪污还田区土壤-水稻系统中砷与抗生素抗性基因的环境行为及阻控”(CX20240659)

Effects of Combined Contamination of Cadmium and Arsenic in Soil on Growth of Industrial Peppers (Capsicum annuum)

LI Jingru¹(), LI Zhuoqing¹, XIANG Qingqing¹, LI Leifu², ZOU Ruijuan², LEI Ming¹()

¹ College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
² Zhongquan Wanhui Environmental Technology Co., Changsha 410128

Received:2025-07-01 Revised:2025-12-08 Published:2026-02-27 Online:2026-02-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国南方地区土壤Cd、As复合污染普遍存在，种植非食用性经济作物是重金属污染土壤安全利用和持续生产的重要策略。工业辣椒是一种新兴经济作物，工业辣椒对Cd、As的富集、转运规律及生长响应机制仍需深入研究。本研究通过盆栽试验，探究工业辣椒对Cd、As复合污染土壤中的吸收积累规律、器官分布特征及生长响应。结果表明，Cd、As复合污染显著抑制了工业辣椒的生长，且工业辣椒不同器官对Cd、As的富集特征不同，Cd含量表现为根>叶>茎，As含量则表现为根>茎>叶。各部位富集系数和转运系数均显示Cd>As，表明Cd在工业辣椒体内的富集和转运能力显著强于As。土壤有效态Cd、As受pH和对应元素总量影响显著，且有效Cd与有机质显著相关。最小二乘模型揭示，工业辣椒体内Cd、As含量受土壤中有效态Cd、As驱动，并间接受pH、有机质和总量调控，这些因素最终直接影响植物养分吸收与生长。

关键词: 重金属, 工业辣椒, 生长性状, 迁移规律, 富集系数, 生物有效性

Abstract:

The co-contamination of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in soils is prevalent in Southern China. Cultivating non-edible economic crops in heavy metals contaminated soils serves as a critical strategy to ensure safe utilization and sustainable agricultural production. As an emerging economic crop, the mechanisms of accumulation, translocation, and stress response of industrial peppers (Capsicum annuum) to Cd and As in co-contaminated soils remain unclear. This study investigated the absorption, accumulation patterns, organ distribution, and growth responses of industrial peppers in Cd and As co-contaminated soil through pot experiments. The results demonstrated that combined Cd and As contamination significantly inhibited the growth of industrial peppers. Furthermore, the accumulation characteristics of Cd and As varied across different plant organs, and Cd content followed the order of root>leaf>stem, while As content followed root>stem > leaf. Both the bioconcentration factor and translocation factor showed Cd>As, indicating that the accumulation and translocation capacity of Cd in industrial peppers was significantly stronger than that of As. The bioavailability of Cd and As in soil was significantly influenced by pH and the total concentration of the respective elements, with bioavailable Cd also showing a significant correlation with organic matter. A partial least squares model revealed that the Cd and As content in industrial peppers was driven by their bioavailable forms in the soil, indirectly regulated by pH, organic matter, and total element concentrations. These factors ultimately directly affect nutrient uptake and plant growth.

Key words: heavy metals, industrial peppers, growth traits, migration pattern, enrichment factor, bioavailability

李静茹, 李卓晴, 向清清, 李磊福, 邹瑞娟, 雷鸣. 土壤镉砷复合污染对工业辣椒生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(4): 117-125.

LI Jingru, LI Zhuoqing, XIANG Qingqing, LI Leifu, ZOU Ruijuan, LEI Ming. Effects of Combined Contamination of Cadmium and Arsenic in Soil on Growth of Industrial Peppers (Capsicum annuum)[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(4): 117-125.

图/表 11

参考文献 26

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土壤编号	有机质/(mg/kg)	总氮/(g/kg)	总磷/(g/kg)	pH	总Cd/(mg/kg)	总As/(mg/kg)	有效Cd/(mg/kg)	有效As/(mg/kg)
CK	29.92±1.53b	1.28±0.16b	0.55±0.16c	6.47±0.04b	0.30±0.66c	20.62±0.71d	0.06±0.00e	0.53±0.02cd
X1	32.50±1.79b	1.59±0.22ab	0.22±0.05d	6.43±0.28b	0.58±0.04b	37.53±4.48b	0.16±0.01c	0.36±0.03d
X2	48.17±2.93a	2.05±0.33a	0.65±0.17c	6.22±0.11b	1.10±0.12a	35.91±1.90bc	0.34±0.02a	0.45±0.09cd
X3	33.65±2.19b	1.90±0.54ab	2.57±0.16a	6.72±0.12b	1.03±0.18a	40.53±4.20b	0.22±0.02b	1.16±0.04b
X4	49.75±2.87a	2.06±0.47a	1.02±0.10b	6.41±0.55b	1.12±0.01a	31.88±0.68c	0.33±0.03a	0.64±0.10c
X5	29.86±2.42b	1.74±0.46ab	0.93±0.18b	7.50±0.04a	0.76±0.10b	78.93±2.70a	0.12±0.02d	3.29±0.21a

土壤编号	有机质/(mg/kg)	总氮/(g/kg)	总磷/(g/kg)	pH	总Cd/(mg/kg)	总As/(mg/kg)	有效Cd/(mg/kg)	有效As/(mg/kg)
CK	29.92±1.53b	1.28±0.16b	0.55±0.16c	6.47±0.04b	0.30±0.66c	20.62±0.71d	0.06±0.00e	0.53±0.02cd
X1	32.50±1.79b	1.59±0.22ab	0.22±0.05d	6.43±0.28b	0.58±0.04b	37.53±4.48b	0.16±0.01c	0.36±0.03d
X2	48.17±2.93a	2.05±0.33a	0.65±0.17c	6.22±0.11b	1.10±0.12a	35.91±1.90bc	0.34±0.02a	0.45±0.09cd
X3	33.65±2.19b	1.90±0.54ab	2.57±0.16a	6.72±0.12b	1.03±0.18a	40.53±4.20b	0.22±0.02b	1.16±0.04b
X4	49.75±2.87a	2.06±0.47a	1.02±0.10b	6.41±0.55b	1.12±0.01a	31.88±0.68c	0.33±0.03a	0.64±0.10c
X5	29.86±2.42b	1.74±0.46ab	0.93±0.18b	7.50±0.04a	0.76±0.10b	78.93±2.70a	0.12±0.02d	3.29±0.21a

级别	单因子污染指数		内梅罗综合污染指数
级别	数值	污染等级	数值	污染等级
1	P_i≤1	清洁	PN≤0.7	安全
2	1<P_i≤2	轻污染	0.7<PN≤1	警戒线
3	2<P_i≤3	中污染	1<PN≤2	轻污染
4	P_i>3	重污染	2<PN≤3	中污染
5			PN>3	重污染

级别	单因子污染指数		内梅罗综合污染指数
级别	数值	污染等级	数值	污染等级
1	P_i≤1	清洁	PN≤0.7	安全
2	1<P_i≤2	轻污染	0.7<PN≤1	警戒线
3	2<P_i≤3	中污染	1<PN≤2	轻污染
4	P_i>3	重污染	2<PN≤3	中污染
5			PN>3	重污染

土壤编号	单因子污染指数				内梅罗综合污染指数
	Cd		As		内梅罗综合污染指数
	污染指数	污染等级	污染指数	污染等级	综合	污染等级
CK	0.75	清洁	0.69	清洁	0.74	警戒线
X1	1.45	轻污染	1.25	轻污染	1.40	轻污染
X2	2.75	中污染	1.20	轻污染	2.39	中污染
X3	1.72	轻污染	1.62	轻污染	1.70	轻污染
X4	2.80	中污染	1.06	轻污染	2.40	中污染
X5	1.25	轻污染	3.16	重污染	2.72	中污染

土壤镉砷复合污染对工业辣椒生长的影响

Effects of Combined Contamination of Cadmium and Arsenic in Soil on Growth of Industrial Peppers (Capsicum annuum)

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土壤编号	Cd转运系数			As转运系数			Cd富集系数			As富集系数
土壤编号	根-叶	茎-叶	根-茎	根-叶	茎-叶	根-茎	叶	根	茎	叶	根	茎
CK	1.06±0.22a	1.95±0.14a	0.55±0.11ab	0.60±0.03a	1.08±0.13a	0.56±0.05a	3.14±1.18a	2.89±0.51bc	1.62±0.58b	0.04±0.00a	0.07±0.01ab	0.04±0.01ab
X1	0.72±0.18b	1.02±0.31bc	0.75±0.27a	0.34±0.12b	0.96±0.29ab	0.35±0.04a	2.48±0.36a	3.55±0.89b	2.50±0.36a	0.02±0.00b	0.06±0.03ab	0.02±0.01c
X2	0.74±0.18b	1.20±0.09bc	0.63±0.20ab	0.23±0.04b	0.76±0.23abc	0.32±0.07a	2.15±0.21a	3.04±1.02bc	1.79±0.12b	0.02±0.00b	0.08±0.01a	0.03±0.01bc
X3	0.58±0.07b	1.03±0.03bc	0.56±0.08ab	0.29±0.11b	0.60±0.16bc	0.50±0.14a	0.77±0.17b	1.34±0.30c	0.75±0.15c	0.02±0.00bc	0.06±0.02ab	0.03±0.00bc
X4	0.44±0.18bc	1.52±0.44ab	0.29±0.10b	0.27±0.05b	0.52±0.15bc	0.57±0.28a	2.55±0.54a	6.17±1.55a	1.73±0.38b	0.02±0.00b	0.08±0.02a	0.04±0.01a
X5	0.25±0.06c	0.72±0.31c	0.41±0.27ab	0.32±0.15b	0.65±0.30c	0.48±0.01a	0.76±0.32b	3.31±1.74bc	1.14±0.53bc	0.01±0.00c	0.04±0.02b	0.02±0.01c

土壤编号	生物量/ (g/株)	叶面积/ cm²	株高/ cm	株幅/ cm	叶绿素/ SPAD	净光合速率/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度/ [mol/(m²·s)]	胞间二氧化碳浓度/ (μmol/mol)	蒸腾速率/ [mmol/(m²·s)]
CK	52.37±2.16a	296.03±38.14a	39.50±2.50a	49.57±3.17a	42.37±2.06c	9.55±1.07a	0.13±0.03a	264.64±12.53a	3.64±0.19a
X1	17.04±2.00c	164.36±9.00b	21.00±1.73b	29.00±3.46c	46.80±5.51bc	10.02±1.12a	0.11±0.02ab	238.79±15.50a	3.49±0.74a
X2	24.86±1.69ab	148.78±42.76b	19.33±6.39ab	32.95±5.81bc	51.53±0.80ab	9.89±0.71a	0.13±0.02ab	245.57±12.24a	3.89±0.33a
X3	21.22±3.71ab	136.17±34.65b	21.17±1.04b	37.83±0.76b	47.60±1.92abc	8.25±2.38ab	0.08±0.04ab	216.37±34.63a	2.86±1.14ab
X4	26.47±8.96b	193.63±24.53b	21.42±4.58b	30.67±6.66bc	54.75±4.63a	11.95±3.22a	0.17±0.10a	236.43±44.98a	4.89±2.22a
X5	4.27±0.61d	58.90±19.64c	13.67±2.31b	18.00±1.00d	51.50±5.92ab	5.66±2.22b	0.04±0.02b	163.90±17.42b	1.38±0.64b

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