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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 85-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0112

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

大蒜的化感作用及种植模式研究进展

罗俊霞1(), 郭志刚2(), 段鹿梅1, 赵倩倩3, 王静3, 李青3, 张强3, 安小亮3, 赵建波4(), 刘燕敏4, 李桂金4, 董雅杰4   

  1. 1 郑州市产品质量检验检测中心, 郑州 450006
    2 杞县农业技术推广站, 河南杞县 475200
    3 焦作市产品质量检验检测中心, 河南焦作 454150
    4 郑州市农业技术推广中心, 郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者:
    郭志刚,男,高级农艺师,学士,本科,从事农业技术的推广与研究。通信地址:475200 河南省杞县西关西街53号 杞县农业技术推广站,E-mail:
    赵建波,男,农业技术推广研究员,本科,从事农业技术的推广与研究。通信地址:450002 郑州市花园路150号,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    罗俊霞,女,高级农艺师,本科,从事农产品安全品质的检测与研究。通信地址:450006 郑州市淮河西路63号 郑州市产品质量检验检测中心,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2025年河南省市场监督管理局科技计划项目“鳞茎葱类蔬菜高质量发展全产业链标准体系的构建与实践”(HNSCJ 202535)

Research Progress on Allelopathy and Planting Mode of Garlic

LUO Junxia1(), GUO Zhigang2(), DUAN Lumei1, ZHAO Qianqian3, WANG Jing3, LI Qing3, ZHANG Qiang3, AN Xiaoliang3, ZHAO Jianbo4(), LIU Yanmin4, LI Guijin4, DONG Yajie4   

  1. 1 Zhengzhou Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Zhengzhou 450006
    2 Qixian Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Qixian, Henan 475200
    3 Jiaozuo Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Jiaozuo, Henan 454150
    4 Zhengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhengzhou 450002
  • Received:2025-02-19 Revised:2025-07-01 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-03-30

摘要:

本研究以现有文献为研究对象,系统梳理了大蒜化感物质的种类、作用机制及其在间作、轮作等种植模式中的应用效果,通过文献整合与生产实际结合,阐明其缓解连作障碍的核心路径,基于此,揭示了大蒜化感作用的核心机制(直接抑制病原菌:通过释放大蒜素、硫醚类化合物等活性物质,直接抑制土壤中土传病原菌的生长繁殖,降低病害发生率;调控根际微生态:通过改变根际土壤微生物群落结构,增加有益菌丰度,抑制有害菌定植,改善土壤微环境稳定性;提升土壤肥力:通过影响土壤酶活性,促进有机质分解与养分转化,间接提高土壤供肥能力),阐述了大蒜化感作用的应用价值,指出了现有文献的研究局限并对未来的研究进行展望,以期为优化大蒜种植制度、推动绿色农业技术创新提供理论依据与实践参考,助力实现农业可持续发展的目标。

关键词: 大蒜, 化感物质, 连作障碍, 根际土壤, 种植模式

Abstract:

This study takes existing literature as the research object and systematically sorts out the types, mechanisms of action, and application effects of garlic allelopathic substances in intercropping, crop rotation, and other planting modes, And clarify the core path to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles by integrating literature with practical production, Based on this, the core mechanism of garlic allelopathy was revealed (direct inhibition of pathogenic bacteria: by releasing active substances such as allicin and thioether compounds, the growth and reproduction of soil borne pathogens in the soil were directly inhibited, reducing the incidence of diseases; regulation of rhizosphere microbiota: by changing the structure of rhizosphere soil microbial communities, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, inhibiting the colonization of harmful bacteria, and improving soil microenvironment stability; enhancement of soil fertility: by affecting soil enzyme activity, promoting organic matter decomposition and nutrient conversion, indirectly improving soil fertility), This article elaborates on the application value of garlic allelopathy, points out the research limitations of existing literature, and looks forward to future research, in order to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for optimizing garlic planting system, promoting green agricultural technology innovation, and helping to achieve the goal of sustainable agricultural development.

Key words: garlic, allelochemicals, continuous cropping obstacle, rhizosphere soil, planting mode