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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 113-122.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0473

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

微酸性次氯酸水对草莓2种病原真菌孢子萌发的抑制作用及其对草莓根际土壤真菌多样性的影响

刘铮1,2(), 张静静3, 照那木拉3, 许鹏博4, 连红莉4, 徐晓峰2(), 张丽勍1()   

  1. 1 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所/上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室，上海 201403
    2 上海师范大学生命科学学院，上海 200234
    3 上海万籁环保科技股份有限公司，上海 201600
    4 上海交通大学农业与生物学院，上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-24
  • 通讯作者:
    张丽勍，女，1985年出生，山东淄博人，副研究员，博士，主要从事果树病害研究。通信地址：201403 上海市奉贤区金齐路1000号 上海市农业科学院，E-mail：；
    徐晓峰，男，1986年出生，上海人，副研究员，博士，主要从事植物功能基因研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘铮，女，1999年出生，贵州毕节人，硕士在读，研究方向：农艺与种业。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    上海市农业科技创新项目“优质特色草莓新品种选育与示范”(2023-02-08-00-12-F04600)

Inhibitory Effect of Slightly Acidic Hypochlorite Water on Spore Germination of Two Pathogenic Fungi of Strawberry and Its Effect on Strawberry Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Diversity

LIU Zheng1,2(), ZHANG Jingjing3, ZHAO Namula3, XU Pengbo4, LIAN Hongli4, XU Xiaofeng2(), ZHANG Liqing1()   

  1. 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology/Eco-Environment Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403
    2 College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234
    3 Shanghai Wanlay Environmental Technology Co. Ltd.,Shanghai, 201600
    4 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240
  • Received:2024-07-16 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-25 Online:2025-04-24

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摘要： 为探讨微酸性次氯酸水(slightly acidic hypochlorite water，SAHW)在草莓病害防治中的效果及其应用技术，通过抑菌试验（孢子萌发法）研究SAHW对草莓枯萎病病菌尖刀镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)及草莓灰霉病病菌灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑菌效果，并采用Illumina Miseq测序技术分析SAHW处理前后草莓定植期、初花期和盛果期根际土壤真菌群落结构和多样性。结果显示，处理组25 mg/kg SAHW培养的B. cinerea和F. oxysporum的孢子，萌发率均低于10%，而对照组清水培养的萌发率接近100%。Illumina Miseq测序共鉴定出15个门、45个纲、96个目、220个科和405个属的真菌。在门分类水平上，对照组和SAHW处理组的子囊菌门、被孢霉门和担子菌门为优势真菌；在属分类水平上，对照组和SAHW处理组的曲霉属(2.21%~53.54%)和短梗蠕孢属(4.76%~26.54%)相对丰度较高。植物病原真菌曲霉属的相对丰度在清水处理的草莓根际土壤中的花期达到最高，在SAHW处理后的草莓根际土壤中呈下降趋势。此外，青霉属、镰刀菌属和炭疽菌属在清水处理的草莓根际土壤中逐渐积累并在果期达到最高，但在SAHW处理后的草莓根际土壤中维持在较低水平。本研究初步揭示了SAHW的抑菌效果及其对草莓根际真菌多样性的影响，可为草莓病害的综合防治提供科学依据。

关键词: 草莓, 灰葡萄孢菌, 尖刀镰孢菌, 微酸性次氯酸水, 根际土壤, 真菌多样性, Illumina Miseq测序

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect and application technology of slightly acidic hypochlorite water (SAHW) in strawberry disease control, the fungal inhibition tests (inhibitory effect on the spore germination) was used in this paper to study the antifungal activity of SAHW against the two disease pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea). Illumina Miseq sequencing technology was also used to analyze the fungal community structure and diversity of the strawberry rhizosphere soil during the planting, early blooming and full-fruiting stages of strawberry before and after SAHW treatment. The results showed that the germination rates of F. oxysporum and B. cinerea spores cultured in the 25 mg/kg SAHW treatment group were both lower than 10%, while the germination rate of the control group cultured by purified water was close to 100%. A total of 15 phyla, 45 classes, 96 orders, 220 families and 405 genera were identified by Illumina Miseq sequencing. Among them, Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi. At the genus classification level, the relative abundance of Aspergillus (2.21%-53.54%) and Trichocladium (4.76%-26.54%) was relatively high. The relative abundance of the phytopathogenic fungus Aspergillus reached the highest value during the flowering stage and then showed a decreasing trend in the treatment groups. In addition, Penicillium, Fusarium and Colletotrichum gradually accumulated in the strawberry rhizosphere soil treated with purified water and reached the highest level during the fruiting period, but remained at a low level in the strawberry rhizosphere soil treated with SAHW. This study preliminarily revealed the antifungal effect of SAHW and its impact on the diversity of strawberry rhizosphere fungi, providing a scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and control of strawberry diseases.

Key words: strawberry, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, slightly acidic hypochlorite water, rhizosphere soil, fungal diversity, Illumina Miseq sequencing