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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 59-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0493

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同栽培模式下多花黄精根腐病病株与健株根际土壤真菌多样性分析

戈秀梅1,2(), 李芳2, 万晓婷1,2, 韩邦兴1,2, 陈存武1,2()   

  1. 1 安徽中医药大学药学院，合肥 230012
    2 皖西学院生物与制药工程学院，安徽六安 237012
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-19 修回日期:2024-12-03 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-20
  • 通讯作者:
    陈存武，男，1967年出生，安徽庐江人，教授，硕士，主要从事资源植物开发利用的研究。通信地址：237012 安徽省六安市裕安区月亮岛皖西学院，Tel：0564-3305928，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    戈秀梅，女，1998年出生，安徽芜湖人，硕士研究生在读，研究方向：药用资源植物开发。通信地址：237012 安徽省六安市裕安区月亮岛皖西学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省现代中药产业共性技术研究中心“大别山区多花黄精产业化开发关键技术研究与应用”(GXXT-2022-087)

Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Diversity Between Root Rot Diseased and Healthy Polygonatum cyrtonema Plants Under Different Cultivation Modes

GE Xiumei1,2(), LI Fang2, WAN Xiaoting1,2, HAN Bangxing1,2, CHEN Cunwu1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012
    2 College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Liuan, Anhui 237012
  • Received:2024-07-19 Revised:2024-12-03 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2025-01-20

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摘要：

本研究旨在探讨不同栽培模式下多花黄精健株和根腐病病株土壤根际真菌群落结构和多样性变化，为合理种植多花黄精和定向改良土壤微生物群落提供理论支撑。通过采用Illumina HiSeq测序平台和双末端测序方法，系统分析大田与林下多花黄精健株与根腐病病株根际土壤微生物群落结构和多样性变化。结果表明：不同栽培模式下健株和病株的根际土壤优势门是子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)。与大田种植相比，林下栽培的多花黄精根际土壤真菌数量和子囊菌门（4 a生病株除外）的相对丰度显著增加，而担子菌门和镰刀菌属(Fusarium)（4 a生病株除外）的相对丰度显著减少。除2 a生健株外，林下种植的多花黄精根际土壤真菌多样性显著高于大田，其中，林下2 a生病株、4 a生健株和4 a生病株的Ace指数和Chao1指数分别较大田高9.09%和20.95%、24.22%和24.36%、12.19%和12.27%。与健株相比，大田2 a生和林下4 a生病株根际土壤的真菌数量显著减少，但镰刀菌属在4 a生病株土壤中的相对丰度显著增加。不同栽培模式下多花黄精健株和病株的Alpha多样性指数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见，不同栽培模式下多花黄精健株和病株根际土壤真菌群落结构和多样性差异较大，多花黄精根际土壤中镰刀菌属等有害真菌的相对丰度显著增加是导致多花黄精根腐病发生的重要原因之一。

关键词: 多花黄精, 土壤真菌多样性, 根腐病, 林下栽培, 大田种植, Illumina HiSeq测序

Abstract:

The changes of community structure and fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot diseased Polygonatum cyrtonema under varied cultivation modes were studied to provide theoretical support for the rational cultivation of P. cyrtonema and the targeted improvement of soil microbial community. Based on the Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform, the Paired-end was used to systematically analyze the changes of community structure and fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot diseased P. cyrtonema that planted in the field and understory. The results showed that Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased plants under different cultivation patterns. Compared with the field cultivation, the rhizosphere soil fungal amount and the relative abundance of Ascomycota (except 4a diseased samples) were significantly increased in understory cultivation, while the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Fusarium genera (except 4a diseased samples) were significantly decreased. Except for the 2a healthy plants, the rhizosphere soil fungal diversity of P. cyrtonema planted in understory was significantly higher than that in field. Among them, the Ace index and Chao1 index of the 2a diseased plants, 4a healthy plants and 4a diseased plants in the understory cultivation were 9.09%, 20.95%, 24.22% and 24.36%, 12.19% and 12.27% higher than those in field, respectively. Compared with healthy plants, the rhizosphere soil fungal amount of 2a diseased plants in field and 4a diseased plants in understory were significantly reduced, but the relative abundance of Fusarium genera in the rhizosphere soil of 4a diseased plants was significantly increased. There were no significant differences in the alpha diversity index between healthy and diseased P. cyrtonema under different cultivation modes (P>0.05). In conclusion, there were large differences in the rhizosphere soil fungal community structure and fungal diversity between healthy and diseased P. cyrtonema plants under different cultivation modes, and the relative abundance of harmful fungal genera, such as Fusarium in the rhizosphere soil, was one of the important reasons for the occurrence of P. cyrtonema root rot.

Key words: Polygonatum cyrtonema, soil fungal diversity, root rot, understory cultivation, field cultivation, Illumina HiSeq sequencing