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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 61-70.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0087

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于高通量测序的昭通核心烟区植烟土壤真菌多样性分析

倪霞1(), 龚林1, 陈华1, 宋明健1, 周玉忠1, 陈敏2(), 付业明1, 龚浩瀚1, 盘文政3, 张孟升1, 罗启鹏3, 李建云3, 鲍宏明3, 李德文3, 张海鹍3   

  1. 1 云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南昭通 657000
    2 昭通市植保植检站,云南昭通 657000
    3 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司,昆明 650217
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-19 修回日期:2023-11-02 出版日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-10
  • 通讯作者:
    陈敏,女,1970年出生,云南昭通人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事农作物病虫害防治工作。通信地址:657000 云南省昭通市昭阳区正义路84号 昭通市植保植检站,Tel:0870-2221979,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    倪霞,女,1968年出生,云南昭通人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事烟草栽培及营养调控、生理生化研究工作。通信地址:657000 云南省昭通市昭阳区凤霞路48号 云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,Tel:0870-2225965,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目“昭通核心烟区土壤养分综合评价及调控技术研究与应用”(2020530000241022)

Analysis of Soil Fungal Diversity in Zhaotong Core Tobacco-growing Area Based on High-throughput Sequencing

NI Xia1(), GONG Lin1, CHEN Hua1, SONG Mingjian1, ZHOU Yuzhong1, CHEN Min2(), FU Yeming1, GONG Haohan1, PAN Wenzheng3, ZHANG Mengsheng1, LUO Qipeng3, LI Jianyun3, BAO Hongming3, LI Dewen3, ZHANG Haikun3   

  1. 1 Zhaotong Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000
    2 Zhaotong Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000
    3 Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217
  • Received:2023-01-19 Revised:2023-11-02 Published-:2024-01-10 Online:2024-01-10

摘要:

本研究利用高通量测序技术,从分子水平探究昭通8个种烟县(区)新烟区、土传病害发病严重的连作区以及典型的轮作区的土壤真菌多样性。结果表明:从群落组成来看,昭通核心烟区土壤真菌群落包括30个门、79个纲、202个目、443个科和976个属,其中子囊菌门为昭通核心烟区土壤真菌群落的绝对优势门,被孢霉属和青霉菌属为昭通核心烟区土壤真菌群落的优势属。群落指示物种分析表明,新烟区土壤真菌群落壳二胞菌属的相对丰度显著高于连作区和轮作区,连作区拟青霉菌属、假裸囊菌属和篮状菌属的相对丰度显著高于新烟区和轮作区烟,轮作区镶刀菌属的相对丰度显著高于新烟区、被孢霉属的相对丰度显著高于连作区。从生物多样性特征来看,新烟区土壤真菌群落的生物多样性最高,物种丰富度显著高于连作区和轮作区;轮作区土壤真菌群落的物种丰富度显著高于连作区,物种均匀度显著低于连作区,真菌群落生物多样性略高于连作区。从真菌群落的功能来看,病理营养型、腐生营养型和腐生—共生营养型的真菌群落为主要组成,新烟区真菌群落占比前1至前3的营养型分别为腐生—共生营养型、腐生营养型和病理营养型,连作区分别为腐生营养型、病理营养型和腐生—共生营养型,轮作区分别为腐生—共生营养型、病理—腐生—共生营养型和腐生营养型。昭通植烟土壤真菌群落组成丰富,新烟区土壤真菌群落的生物多样性最高,物种丰富度显著高于连作区和轮作区,不同类型土壤的真菌群落结构组成差异不显著,轮作有利于降低病理营养型的真菌群落,能减少真菌性病害发生的几率。

关键词: 高通量测序, 植烟土壤, 群落组成, 真菌多样性

Abstract:

High-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the soil fungal diversity from the molecular level in new tobacco area, continuous cropping area with serious soil-borne diseases and typical rotation area in eight tobacco-growing districts in Zhaotong. The results showed that the soil fungal community included 30 phyla, 79 classes, 202 orders, 443 families and 976 genera, and Ascomycota was the absolute dominant phylum, Mortierella and Penicillium were the dominant genera of the soil fungal community. The analysis of community indicator species showed that the relative abundance of the soil fungal community of Ascochyta in new tobacco area was significantly higher than that in continuous cropping area and rotation area. The relative abundance of Purpureocillium, Pseudogymnoascus and Talaromyces in continuous cropping area were significantly higher than that in new tobacco area and rotation area, Fusarium in rotation area was significantly higher than that in new tobacco area, and Mortierella in rotation area was significantly higher than that in continuous cropping area. From the perspective of biodiversity characteristics, soil fungal community in new tobacco area had the highest value, and the species richness was significantly higher than that in continuous cropping area and rotation area. The species richness of soil fungal community in rotation area was significantly higher than that in continuous cropping area, the species evenness was significantly lower than that in continuous cropping area, and the biodiversity of fungal community was slightly higher than that in continuous cropping area. From the perspective of the function of fungal community, the pathotroph, saprotroph, and saprotroph-symbiotroph were main components. In new tobacco area, the top 1 to top 3 of the fungal community were saprotroph-symbiotroph, saprotroph and Pathotroph, that of the continuous cropping area were saprotroph, pathotroph and saprotroph-symbiotroph, and that of the rotation area were saprotroph-symbiotroph, pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph, and saprotroph. The composition of fungal community in tobacco planting soil in Zhaotong was rich. The biodiversity of soil fungal community in new tobacco planting area was the highest, and the species richness was significantly higher than that in continuous cropping area and rotation area. There was no significant difference in the composition of fungal community structure among different types of soil. Rotation was beneficial to reducing the pathotrophic fungal community and the probability of fungal diseases.

Key words: high-throughput sequencing, tobacco-planting soil, community composition, fungal diversity