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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 132-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0740

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

杭州市萧山区典型设施蔬菜土壤肥力现状与微生物分布特征

袁杭杰1(), 杨文叶1, 何莉莉2, 吕豪豪2, 周华萍3, 王京文1()   

  1. 1 杭州市农业技术推广中心， 杭州 310020
    2 浙江省农业科学院， 杭州 310020
    3 杭州市萧山区农业和林业技术推广中心， 杭州 311203
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 修回日期:2026-01-07 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者:
    周华萍，女，1989年出生，浙江萧山人，农艺师，本科，研究方向：耕地质量与肥力技术研究与推广。通信地址：311203 浙江省杭州市萧山区蜀山街道潘右路988号 杭州市萧山区农业和林业技术推广中心。
    王京文，女，1974年出生，山东淄博人，正高级农艺师，硕士，研究方向：耕地质量与肥力技术研究与推广。通信地址：310020 浙江省杭州市上城区彭埠街道旺杨街259号 杭州市农业技术推广中心（杭州市植保植检中心），Tel：0571-86781290，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    袁杭杰，男，1992年出生，浙江诸暨人，农艺师，本科，研究方向：耕地质量与肥力技术研究与推广。通信地址：310020 浙江省杭州市上城区彭埠街道旺杨街259号 杭州市农业技术推广中心（杭州市植保植检中心），Tel：0571-87243583，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目“酸化蔬菜地土壤改良技术研究与示范应用”(202407TD08)

Soil Fertility Status and Microbial Distribution Characteristics of Typical Protected Vegetable Fields in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou

YUAN Hangjie1(), YANG Wenye1, HE Lili2, LYU Haohao2, ZHOU Huaping3, WANG Jingwen1()   

  1. 1 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020
    2 Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310020
    3 Agricultural and Forestry Technology Extension Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311203
  • Received:2025-09-05 Revised:2026-01-07 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-27

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摘要：

明确杭州市萧山区典型设施蔬菜地土壤肥力空间差异及微生物多样性特征，为优化土壤管理策略、促进蔬菜产业绿色可持续发展提供科学依据。采集该区16个蔬菜地(S1~S16)土壤样品，测定pH、有机质、氮磷钾养分等理化指标，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌群落多样性。结果表明，研究区土壤肥力呈显著空间异质性（中度变异），东部土壤偏碱性且盐渍化严重，南片土壤偏酸性、有机质和全氮含量较高，有效磷与速效钾因施肥差异两极分化；土壤有机质与氮磷钾养分呈显著正相关，pH与全氮呈显著负相关，设施种植年限与电导率(EC)呈极显著正向二次关系(R2=0.65，P<0.01)。细菌优势菌门为变形菌门、绿弯菌门等，微生物多样性在南片及中部老种植区更高，群落结构因土壤盐渍化和肥力水平分为2组，绿弯菌门与pH呈显著负相关(r=-0.53，P<0.05)，表明绿弯菌门对该区域高pH环境具有较强的指示作用。未来需要通过减施磷肥、有机肥替代、水旱轮作及盐渍化区域排灌改良等措施调控土壤酸碱度与肥力，提升土壤健康水平。

关键词: 设施蔬菜, 种植年限, 土壤肥力, 微生物, 盐渍化, 土壤酸碱度

Abstract:

The study aims to clarify the spatial differences in soil fertility and characteristics of microbial diversity of vegetable fields in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing soil management strategies and promoting the green and sustainable development of the vegetable industry. Soil samples were collected from 16 vegetable fields (S1-S16) in the district, and physical and chemical indicators such as pH, organic matter, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients were determined. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the diversity of soil bacterial communities. The results showed that the soil fertility in the study area exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity (moderate variation). The soil in the eastern part was weakly alkaline with severe salinization, while the soil in the southern part was acidic with higher contents of organic matter and total nitrogen, and available phosphorus and available potassium showed polarization due to differences in fertilization. Soil organic matter was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients, pH was significantly negatively correlated with total nitrogen, and the planting age of protected vegetables had a highly significant positive quadratic relationship with soil electrical conductivity (R2=0.65, P<0.01). The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, etc. Microbial diversity was higher in the southern and central old planting areas, and the community structure was divided into two groups based on soil salinization and fertility levels. Chloroflexi was significantly negatively correlated with pH (r=-0.53, P<0.05). In the future, measures such as reducing phosphorus fertilization, replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, paddy-upland rotation, and improving irrigation and drainage in salinized areas should be adopted to regulate soil pH and fertility and enhance soil health.

Key words: protected vegetable, planting years, soil fertility, microorganisms, salinization, soil pH

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