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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (19): 17-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0875

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于灰色关联度和GGE双标图的大豆品种产量综合分析

黄梦迪1(), 陈颖民1, 晏云1, 牛季娟2, 李林1, 亢江飞1, 张宝1, 宰小雨3, 方社法1, 郭建秋1()   

  1. 1 洛阳市农林科学院， 河南洛阳 471023
    2 洛阳市种业发展中心， 河南洛阳 471026
    3 洛阳市植物保护植物检疫站， 河南洛阳 471026
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-20 修回日期:2026-08-28 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-10-15
  • 通讯作者:
    郭建秋，男，1972年出生，河南新安人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事大豆遗传育种与栽培研究。通信地址：471023 河南省洛阳市洛龙区农科路1号 洛阳市农林科学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    黄梦迪，女，1994年出生，河南汝州人，研究实习员，硕士，研究方向：大豆遗传育种与栽培研究。通信地址：471023 河南省洛阳市洛龙区农科路1号 洛阳市农林科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    河南省农业农村厅“河南省农业良种联合攻关项目”(2022010304); 农业农村部“黄淮海高油高产大豆新品种设计与培育项目”(2023ZD04033)

Comprehensive Analysis of Varieties and Yield of Soybean Based on Grey Correlation Degree and GGE Biplot

HUANG Mengdi1(), CHEN Yingmin1, YAN Yun1, NIU Jijuan2, LI Lin1, KANG Jiangfei1, ZHANG Bao1, ZAI Xiaoyu3, FANG Shefa1, GUO Jianqiu1()   

  1. 1 Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, Henan 471023
    2 Luoyang Seed Industry Development Center, Luoyang, Henan 471026
    3 Luoyang Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Luoyang, Henan 471026
  • Received:2025-10-20 Revised:2026-08-28 Published:2026-10-15 Online:2026-10-15

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摘要：

为准确评价大豆品种的丰产性、稳产性和适应性，筛选优异大豆品种，以2023年河南省大豆区域试验数据为基础，对参试大豆品种的产量及相关农艺性状进行灰色关联度分析，并对产量进行GGE双标图分析。结果表明，产量最高的品种为‘洛豆5号’。在产量变异性方面，‘存豆301’的变异系数最大(24.47%)，表明其产量稳定性相对较差，‘嘉农8号’(13.59%)表现出较好的产量稳定性；区域试验结果表明，原阳试验点平均产量最高，南阳最低。在主要农艺性状方面，有效分枝的变异系数最高(43.17%)，反映了其在品种间的差异较大，主茎节数的变异系数最低(6.11%)，表明该性状在品种间较为稳定。灰色关联度分析表明，产量与主要农艺性状的关联度由高到低依次为主茎节数>单株粒重>单株粒数>株高>百粒重>有效荚数>底荚高>有效分枝。这一结果提示，在育种过程中，应重点关注主茎节数、单株粒重、单株粒数和株高等关键性状的改良，以提升大豆的整体产量。GGE双标图分析显示，丰产稳产性综合排名前3位的品种是‘洛豆5号’‘周豆61’‘郑豆618’，其中‘洛豆5号’综合表现最为优异。在试验地点的区分力和代表性方面，长葛的综合区分力和代表性最好，是筛选高产稳产品种的理想试验站点。本研究通过灰色关联度和GGE双标图分析方法，为大豆品种的产量特性、农艺性状与产量的关联程度以及品种在不同环境下的适应性提供了全面的评估。研究结果可为高产、稳产、广适大豆新品种的选育和推广提供参考。

关键词: 大豆, 品种, 灰色关联度, GGE双标图

Abstract:

In order to accurately evaluate the high yield, stable yield and adaptability of soybean varieties, and screen excellent soybean varieties, based on the 2023 soybean regional trial data in Henan Province, grey correlation analysis was conducted on the yield and related agronomic traits of the tested soybean varieties, and GGE biplot analysis was performed on the yield. The results showed that the variety with the highest yield was ‘Luodou No.5’. In terms of yield variability, the coefficient of variation of ‘Cundou No.301’ was the largest (24.47%), indicating that its yield stability was relatively poor, and ‘Jianong No.8’ (13.59%) showed better yield stability. The results of regional test showed that the average yield of Yuanyang was the highest and Nanyang was the lowest. In terms of main agronomic traits, the coefficient of variation of effective branches was the highest (43.17%), reflecting the great difference among varieties, and the coefficient of variation of main stem nodes was the lowest (6.11%), indicating that the trait was relatively stable among varieties. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the order of the correlation degree of yield and major agronomic traits was: number of main stem nodes> grain weight per plant> grain number per plant> plant height> 100-seed weight> effective pod number> bottom pod height> branches per plant. This result suggested that in the breeding process, attention should be paid to the improvement of key traits such as number of main stem node, grain weight per plant, grain number per plant and plant height, so as to improve the overall yield of soybean. The GGE biplot analysis showed that the top three varieties in terms of comprehensive high and stable yield were ‘Luodou No.5’, ‘Zhoudou No.61’, and ‘Zhengdou No.618’, among which ‘Luodou No.5’ had the best comprehensive performance. Changge had the best comprehensive differentiation and representativeness, and was an ideal pilot for screening high-yield and stable-yield varieties. In this study, the yield characteristics of soybean varieties, the correlation between agronomic traits and yield, and the adaptability of varieties in different environments were comprehensively evaluated by grey correlation degree and GGE biplot analysis method. The results provide reference for the breeding and promotion of new soybean varieties with high yield, stable yield and wide adaptability.

Key words: soybeans, varieties, grey correlation analysis, GGE biplot

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