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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 77-84.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0767

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆狗牙根新品系生物学特性与坪用性综合评价

郭锦华1(), 孙宗玖1,2,3(), 李培英1,2,3, 张勇娟4, 任梦龙1   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学草业学院， 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室， 乌鲁木齐 830052
    3 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室， 乌鲁木齐 830052
    4 乌鲁木齐市园林绿化工程质量监督站（乌鲁木齐市林草种苗站）， 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-09 修回日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者:
    孙宗玖，男，1975年出生，内蒙古敖汉人，教授，博士，主要从事草地培育、放牧管理及草种资源评价的研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郭锦华，女，1999年出生，山东济南人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：草种资源评价与利用。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目“新疆特色优质草种质资源挖掘利用与种子产业化关键技术研发”(2023B02031)

Comprehensive Evaluation of Biological Characteristics and Turf Performance of New Bermudagrass Lines in Xinjiang

GUO Jinhua1(), SUN Zongjiu1,2,3(), LI Peiying1,2,3, ZHANG Yongjuan4, REN Menglong1   

  1. 1 College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052
    3 Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052
    4 Urumqi City Landscaping Engineering Quality Supervision Station (Urumqi Forest and Grass Seedling Station), Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2025-09-09 Revised:2026-03-16 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

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摘要：

为更好地评价新选育的狗牙根新品系生物学特性及坪用特征，采用随机区组试验设计，对‘新农1号’狗牙根(CK)、狗牙根新品系C138、C22、C63的物候期、形态特征、再生性及坪用性开展品种比较试验。结果表明：（1）与‘新农1号’狗牙根（生育期168 d）相比，新品系C138生育期更长(172 d)，返青早、枯黄晚，绿色期长；而C22与C63生育期较短(157、164 d)，分蘖晚、枯黄早。（2）除千粒重和根系深度外，其余18项形态指标（如生殖枝高度、株高、叶长叶宽、叶片数等）均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。C138植株高大、叶片数多、匍匐茎粗壮、花序长，C63植株低矮、叶片短、茎节数少、花序短，C22多数指标介于两者之间。这些显著的形态分化特征，为适配不同应用场景提供了多样化选择。（3）生长动态方面，C138叶片数增速（0.092个/d）显著高于其他品系，C22、C63整体生长滞后。（4）坪用性综合得分为5.63~6.95分，其中C138最高（6.95分）、成坪速度最快、抗逆性均优，‘新农1号’次之（6.54分），而新品系C22与C63评分相对较低，分别为5.88、5.63分；动态生长分析表明，C138与‘新农1号’生长趋势相近，C22与C63则整体生长滞后。综上，C138综合表现最佳，抗逆性强、成坪快、绿期长，适用于城市绿化；C22表现中等，种子质量较优，适合种子生产；C63株型紧凑，利于减少修剪投入，但抗逆性与密度有待提升。

关键词: 狗牙根, 物候期, 形态特征, 品种比较, 坪用性, 综合评价

Abstract:

To evaluate the biological characteristics and turf performance of newly developed bermudagrass lines, a randomized block design was adopted to conduct a comparative trial on the phenological stages, morphological traits, regrowth capacity, and turf performance among ‘Xinnong No.1’ bermudagrass (control) and three new lines: C138, C22, and C63. The results indicated that: (1) compared with ‘Xinnong No.1’, which had a growth period of 168 days, line C138 exhibited a longer growth period (172 days), with earlier spring green-up and later autumn discoloration, thus extending its green period. In contrast, lines C22 and C63 showed shorter growth periods (157 and 164 days, respectively), characterized by later tillering and earlier discoloration. (2) Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in 18 out of 20 morphological indicators measured, except 1000-grain weight and root depth. The traits showing variation included reproductive shoot height, plant height, leaf length and width, and leaf number. Line C138 was characterized by taller plants, more leaves, thicker stolons, and longer inflorescences. Line C63 presented shorter plants, shorter leaves, fewer stem nodes, and shorter inflorescences. Most traits of line C22 were intermediate between C138 and C63. (3) In terms of growth dynamics, the growth rate of C138 leaves (0.092 /d) was significantly higher than that of other strains, and the overall growth of C22 and C63 lagged behind. (4) The overall turf performance score ranged from 5.63 to 6.95. Line C138 achieved the highest score (6.95), demonstrating the fastest turf establishment and superior stress resistance, followed by ‘Xinnong No.1’ (6.54). The new lines C22 and C63 scored relatively lower, at 5.88 and 5.63, respectively. Analysis of dynamic growth revealed similar trends for C138 and ‘Xinnong No.1’, whereas C22 and C63 showed overall growth retardation. In conclusion, line C138 exhibited the best overall performance, with strong stress resistance, rapid turf establishment, and a long green period, making it suitable for urban landscaping. Line C22 showed moderate performance and favorable seed quality, indicating potential for seed production. Line C63 displayed a compact growth habit beneficial for reducing mowing requirements; however, its stress resistance and turf density need improvement.

Key words: Cynodon dactylon, phenological period, morphological characteristics, variety comparison, turf performance, comprehensive evaluation