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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 128-136.

所属专题： 烟草种植与生产

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

昭通植烟土壤养分丰缺状况及施肥对策

黄韡,查宏波,钱文有,何湘华,曹良波,倪霞   

  • 收稿日期:2009-11-25 修回日期:2009-12-09 出版日期:2010-04-05 发布日期:2010-04-05

Nutrients in Tobacco growing Soils of Zhaotong and Solution to Fertilization

  • Received:2009-11-25 Revised:2009-12-09 Online:2010-04-05 Published:2010-04-05

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758

摘要：

对昭通市8个产烟县（区）采集605个植烟耕层土壤进行分析。结果表明：全市植烟土壤平均PH=6.64，有机质2.629%，全氮0.131%，速效氮107.28mg.kg-1，全磷0.081%，速效磷15.235mg.kg-1，全钾1.636%，速效钾140.98mg.kg-1，交换性钙0.381%，交换性镁319.32mg.kg-1，速效硼0.259mg.kg-1，速效锌2.479mg.kg-1，速效锰24.444mg.kg-1，速效钼0.289mg.kg-1，速效铁35.453mg.kg-1，速效铜2.544mg.kg-1，水溶性氯离子11.783mg.kg-1。对烤烟生产来说，昭通烟区土壤的磷偏低，钾不足，硼、氯普遍缺乏，初步提出了稳氮、增磷钾，普遍补充硼、氯，局部补充镁、钼、锌的施肥建议。

关键词: 马铃薯, 马铃薯, 大豆, 套作, 经济效益

Abstract:

605 soil samples were collected and analyzed from 8 tobacco growing counties in Zhaotong. The results showed that the average soil pH value was 6.64, the average contents of organic matter was 2.629%, total N was 0.131%, available N was 107.28mg.kg-1, total P was 0.081%, available P was 15.235mg.kg-1, total K was 1.636%, available K was 140.98mg.kg-1, exchangeable Ca was 0.381%, exchangeable Mg was 319.32mg.kg-1, available B was 0.259mg.kg-1, available Zn was 2.479mg.kg-1, available Mn was 24.444mg.kg-1, available Mo was 0.289mg.kg-1, available Fe was 35.453 mg.kg-1,available Cu was 2.544mg.kg-1, water-solubility chlorine ion was 11.783mg.kg-1. Low soil P, insufficiency of K, and deficiency of available B, water-solubility chlorine ion in tobacco growing soils of Zhaotong were main limited factors for flue-cured tobacco production. The fertilization suggestion of controlling N, increasing P and K, complementing B and Cl generally, complementing Mg, Mo and Zn in some areas was recommended.