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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 147-153.

所属专题： 烟草种植与生产

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同质地植烟土壤氮素矿化的差异性

陆琳 米艳华 王树会 邹炳礼 余志勇   

  • 收稿日期:2010-07-15 修回日期:2010-08-29 出版日期:2011-02-05 发布日期:2011-02-05
  • 基金资助:

    云南省烟草专卖局（公司）科技项目资助

Effect of soil character on nitrogen mineralization of tobacco soil

  • Received:2010-07-15 Revised:2010-08-29 Online:2011-02-05 Published:2011-02-05

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摘要：

为深入研究植烟土壤的氮素矿化特征，通过设置不同质地土壤的烤烟盆栽实验，研究不同土壤质地对植烟土壤氮素矿化规律以及对烤烟生长的影响，为优质烤烟生产中氮素营养调控提供科学依据。结果表明，不同质地的土壤在烤烟不同生育期氮矿化量的差异都极显著。供试土壤中氮矿化速率分为前高后低型、双高型和前低后高型，前高后低型以粘土及砂土为主，有利于烤烟产质量的形成；而前低后高型土壤氮矿化率最高峰出现在烤烟采收期，对烟叶品质形成极为不利。土壤颗粒组成中尤以1～0.25mm的粗砂粒和<0.001mm的粘粒与烤烟不同生育期的土壤氮素矿化量二次显著相关。适当客沙，使土壤<0.001mm的细粘粒占比降至37.0%以下，0.05～0.01mm的粗粉粒占比高于5.5%、低于16.3%，1～0.25mm的粗砂粒占比控制在8.5%以下，将会使土壤氮素矿化量更加适应优质烤烟产量和质量形成的需求。

关键词: 铁皮石斛, 铁皮石斛, 原球茎诱导, 原球茎增殖, 组织培养

Abstract:

The effect of soil character on nitrogen mineralization of the tobacco soil by pot culture in greenhouse. The results showed that the nitrogen mineralization accumulation is remarkably different between the different soil types and the different tobacco grows stages. And the nitrogen mineralization rate are divided into three types during the tobacco growth stages: the from high to low type、from high to high type and from low to high type, there are clay and sandy soil in the from high to low type, which is benefical to form the quality of tobacco; But when the nitrogen mineralization rate from low to high, which is extremely harmful to the tobacco quality formation. It is second significant correlation between the nitrogen mineralization accumulation and the soil grain composition, especially to the coarse sand (1-0.25mm) and the clay soil (<0.001mm) during the tobacco growth stage. It is better to the tobacco fields and quality formation when the soil composition with fine clay (<0.001mm) under 37.0%、coarse silt(0.05～0.01mm) composition with 5.5% to 16.3%、coarse sand (1～0.25mm) with below 8.5%.