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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 436-439.

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 三农问题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论农民工研究中参与观察的过程与策略——以农民工装修队个案研究为例

李健 刘永功   

  • 收稿日期:2010-08-18 修回日期:2010-09-23 出版日期:2011-02-10 发布日期:2011-02-10

The Processes and Strategies of Participation Observation in Migration Workers Study——With Case Study on Migrant Worker Decoration Team as an Example

  • Received:2010-08-18 Revised:2010-09-23 Online:2011-02-10 Published:2011-02-10

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摘要：

参与观察法是社会学和人类学最基本的研究方法之一，其主要特点是从局内人的角度出发观察其日常生活世界，记录并分析所得到的资料以期产生在理论层面的突破。本文结合一个农民工装修队研究的个案讨论了1）参与观察法的现场选择和进入、2）研究者的局内人角色、3）建立和维持实地关系、4）研究者的观察、访问及记录、5）参与观察法的中立性和客观性和6）共同建构的研究问题共六方面参与观察实践中的问题。提出了扮演局内人角色、建立信任和互惠关系、依靠关键人物、展示研究细节等参与观察法的实践策略，并在最后提出参与观察研究的研究问题并非研究者单方面一次性决定的而是在研究者与局内人的互动中被不断重新建构的结果。

关键词: 水稻, 水稻, 免耕, 产量, 土壤

Abstract:

Participant observation is one of the basic research methods in sociology and anthropology, and its main traits includes observing their world of daily life from the perspective of insiders, recording and analyzing the materials to break through in theory. This article, integrated with a case study of migrant worker in decoration industry, discusses about 6 issues in the practice of participant observation, including 1) the selection and entrance of field in participant observation, 2) the researcher’s inside role, 3) establishing and maintaining the relationship in the field, 4) the observation, interview and recording in the participant observation, 5) objectivity and neutrality of the participant observation, 6) the joint construction of research subject. The article proposed several strategies in participant observation, including playing inside role, building trust and the mutually beneficial relationship, relying on key person, showing details of research process, and finally proposed that the research subject in participant observation is constructed by researcher and insiders together.