Abstract: It is meaningful to study the genetic relationships among Chinese cabbages for potentializing gene resources and serving the breeding. In this study, 89 accessions of Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis） germplasm were employed to study the genetic relationships among Chinese cabbages using AFLP makers. 6 pairs of primer generated 286 bands, including 123 (43.01%) polymorphic bands. There is obvious difference among the numbers of total bands and polymorphic bands produced by different pairs of primer. E-ACT/M-CAC showed the best amplification effect and generated plentiful polymorphic bands that occupying 54.35% of total. Based on the AFLP markers, clustering analysis of AFLP showed that Chinese cabbage possesses broad variation with utmost genetic distance of 0.359. All the materials were divided into 4 groups with the threshold of 0.73 of similarity coefficient. “Zhejiang huangyacai” was separated from the group of most of Chinese cabbage and formed into another independent group. The result indicated that most of Chinese cabbage and the lines from Japan and Korea which were more genetically similar to the mainland materials formed into one group. In this group the lines of Taiwan germplasms formed into an independent subgroup, and the materials in most parts of mainland formed into another subgroup.