Abstract:

In order to understand the soil pH distributions and influencing factors and the effects of acid rain on soil acidification, 0-20 cm surface soil samples of four main soil types in different geographical regions in Anhui Province were collected, and the distribution and influencing factors of soil pH and acid buffering capacity were studied through the methods of information collection, indoor chemical analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that soil pH and buffer capacity of soils in Anhui Province showed a decreasing trend from north to south; the order of soil pH was: alluvial soil> Shajiang black soil> paddy soil> red soil, the relationships between soil pH and average annual precipitation, exchangeable Al, exchangeable acid and the total hydrolysis acidity were showed significant positive correlation (r2=0.7010-0.9039**); the order of soil acid buffering capacity was: alluvial soil (87.6 mmol/kg)> Shajiang black soil (36.4 mmol/kg)>paddy soil (29.2 mmol/kg)> red soil(23.0 mmol/kg), the relationships between soil acid buffering capacity and soil pH, soil basic ion exchange capacity and soil base saturation were significant positive correlation (r2=0.7631-0.9494**). This shows that the soil pH vary considerably in Anhui Province. The soil basic properties and environmental conditions strongly influenced the soil pH and acid buffering properties, which were bound to affect the consequences of soil by acid rain.