Abstract: Hunan Province is an important double cropping of rice-producing areas, the soil conditions directly affect the rice production and regional distribution, survey analysis of the basic nutrient status of the major types of paddy soils in Changsha County, to provide a basis for testing and fertilizer; rice cultivation of arable land in accordance with appropriate classification, to provide technical support for the layout of the rice production areas in Changsha County. Sampling and analysis of the basic physical and chemical properties of more than 50 types of paddy soil in Changsha County. The results showed that, the average content of the paddy soil pH 5.34; the average 31.53 g/kg of the organic matter content. The average nitrogen content was mg/kg, the average available phosphorus content of 21.84 mg/kg, the average potassium content of 84.01 mg/kg, the average slowly available potassium content was 198.89 mg/kg. According to the soil nutrient status, analyzed the suitability of the soil of rice in the county, the county is highly suitable, suitable, basic and appropriate area of paddy fields accounted for 55.46%, 21.25%, 19.49%. Unsuitable only 3.79%, indicating that the Changsha County soil conditions were suitable for rice production.