Abstract: Based on the macroscopic background of violent and rapid transition of China, trying to study the rural land circulation more accurately. Using literature survey, and using method of field-work research and summary experience to analyze the problem deeply and comprehensively. The results showed that the rural land circulation in Henan Province has relatively small scale, slow development, and low revenues, spontaneous and disordered condition. The fact could be found that the rural land circulation was just the part of rural social-economic transition, and many things were the components of social-economic transition, such as the circulation channels, modern agricultural technologies, changes of rural family lifestyle, rural market deepening, urban-rural interaction under urbanization, and so on. The slow transition in the overall led to slow circulation. The integrated view should be put up to promote the rural land circulation systematically. The rural land circulation should not be strong compelled, no retardation, but comply with the social-economic transition, active and orderly guidance might be appropriate.