Abstract: To analyze the correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits in flax and provide scientific basis for flax quality breeding, the simple correlation and canonical correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits in 256 flax cultivars. The results showed that, the correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits of flax was extremely significant. Using canonical correlation analysis, 6 pairs of canonical variables were obtained which contained 99.3% of the total correlation information between agronomic and quality traits. The main traits that play a decisive role in canonical correlation were 1000-seeds weight, fruits per plant, plant yield, stems per plant, oil content, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Among the 6 pairs of canonical variables, the correlation information involved in front 3 pairs of canonical variables were 45.47%, 30.53% and 13.51% of total correlation information, respectively. The biologic information revealed were the correlation between 1000-seeds weight and oil content, fruits per plant and oleic acid, and stems per plant and oil content, respectively. It was probably indicated that the content of oil and oleic acid were high in the flax varieties with bigger seeds, more fruits and less stems. Therefore, it was feasible to select quality traits indirectly by agronomic traits.