Abstract: Effect of conventional and organic cultivation on soil nitrogen, phosphor uptake and quality of soybean was assessed to identify feasible crop management for local area. Conventional and organic soybean field were adopted to analyze the variation characteristics of total N and total P in 0-20 cm depth of soil profile and soybean plant. The results showed that, there was no significant difference of soil total N and total P between conventional and organic cultivation. The content of soil total P was the highest during maturity, while the lowest was during flowering stage both in conventional and organic field. The content of total N and total P was the highest during flowering stage, while the lowest was during maturity both in conventional and organic soybean plant. Seed yield, protein content and oil content of organic soybean was 13.7%, 17.1% and -9.1% higher than that of conventional cultivation. There was similar character of N and P uptake both in soil and plant for conventional and organic cultivation. Organic fertilizer in organic cultivation helped to soil self-regulation thus suitable for nutrient balancing-absorption and seed quality improvement.