Abstract: In order to analyze whether the effect of climate change on rice yield of Changsha is positive effect or negative, using the data of daily temperature, precipitation and sunshine time, etc. from 4 observatories in Changsha during 1971-2011, the author took the tendency coefficient, correlation coefficient, Mann-Kendall inspection methods to analyze the Changsha double season early rice growth period of climate change and its output growth characteristics of meteorological between meteorological factors. The results show that: (1) the key meteorological factors that influenced early rice yield of Changsha were low temperature in May, the growth period highest temperature, precipitation, highest temperature in milk and heading stage, sunshine duration, growth May sunshine time, and highest temperature, the average temperature and the flood in May. (2) Low temperature intensity index Ij in May and meteorological yield had significant negative correlation, which had adverse effect on early rice yield in May; there was significant negative correlation between precipitation and meteorological output growth; too much annual rainfall worked against high yield; (3) In recent 41 years, there was significant positive relationship among rice growth period highest temperature, the average temperature in May; the highest temperature in May was very significant increase trend, the highest temperature and meteorological output growth was very significant positive correlation, May the average temperature and the tallest temperature, grouting highest temperature and meteorological culm production was a significant or significant positive correlation, raising temperature was very helpful in the early rice yield; (4) The sunshine duration and meteorological output growth was a significant positive correlation, sunshine time for early rice yield more advantageous; (5) In recent 41 years, rice yield was weak down the trend, the 1970s to the 1980s growth sharply, from 2004 to 2008 a modest growth, thanks to productivity level and early rice varieties of ascension and early rice yield was very helpful in meteorological conditions; in the mid 1980s to the mid 1990s much negative in 2009 and 3 consecutive years of negative value and meteorological conditions for early rice yield were no contribution. Climate change on early rice yield affected the total of Changsha positively effect.