Abstract: In order to study the physiological and biochemical characteristics in seed germination of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils, with seven provenances’seeds of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils as the test materials, the author studied the differences of grain-weight, germination rate and a series of enzyme activity between provenances, which was providing a basis theory in provenance selection and genetic resources protection. The results showed that: there was significant difference in seed germination rate, grain-weight and a series of enzyme activity between provenances and that the Tongdao County presented the highest seed germination rate (92.0% ) and the Pingguo County appeared the lowest seed germination rate (85.1% ). Seed germination percentage was related the significant positive correlation in annual precipitation, grain-weight, antioxidant enzymes protection activity and PPO activity had a related the significant negative correlation in annual average temperature and the content of MDA. Therefore, depending on the seed germination rate and the physiological parameter, people could estimate the seed germinate from the liveness of enzyme.