Abstract: This paper was aimed to explore the ecological mechanism of soil treated by Sod Culture in Peach Orchard, and soil nutrient characteristics and the diversity of soil bacteria were comparatively studied. The results have shown that the organic matter, total nitrogen, available K and available P did not reduce with the increased competition of soil nutrients induced by interplanting. On the contrary, the organic matter and total nitrogen appeared increased trend. The diversity of soil bacteria was characterized by the molecular biology techniques of PCR-DGGE. Compared with the management method of cleaning tillage weed (CK), the diversity of bacterial community among two interplant treatments somewhat improved. The increase in some dominant bacterium group was significantly greater than others. The effect of interplanting Hair Vetch was more apparent. As a result, Sod Culture played an important role on maintenance soil fertility, reducing the leaching of nutrient elements in the soil and improving soil bacterial biodiversity.