Abstract: In order to analyze the composition and feature of spermatophyte genera of Lanxin Double-line railway, we conducted a survey. The results showed that there were 55 species, 52 genera and 18 families, they were dominantly composed of dicotyledons and the ecotypes mainly consist of xerophytes, this situation results from long adaptation to dry natural environments. The investigation of the plant resources and distribution in Lanxin Double-line railway would provide scientific basis for preventing disaster such as soil erosion, wind erosion and protecting the plant resources.