Abstract: The interaction of plant-endophytic association was very significant for the ecological adaptability of the grasses in arid region. This research aimed at the endophytic fungi carrying rate and their morphology through microscopically inspecting the different parts of several gramineous grasses collected in Xinjiang, which could provide information and material for the future application of such endophytic fungal resources. Aniline blue staining method was applied for detection of endophytic fungi carrying rate in the seed skin and aleuronic layer and leaf sheaths. The result showed that leaf sheaths, aleurone layer, seed coat of Elymus was detected in mycelia, and carrier rate was high; the vast majority of respondents were not detected in leaf sheath of endophytic bacteria; many plant seed aleurone layer was not detected in endophytic bacteria; however the belt strain rate was very high, most of them could be detected and hyphae; Xinjiang gramineous grasses had many symbiotic bacteria, and provided rich resources for the physiological and biochemical characteristics of host and endophyte.