Abstract: Set different element deficiency for 20 years Korla fragrant pear in the field, and study the variation of fruit quality under stress of nutrient element deficiency. The result showed that fertilization can promote the growth and development of fruit significantly. It not only can improve single fruit weight and yield, but also can improve fruit shape, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C, and then it can reduce pericarp thickness, fruit firmness and fruit total acid content. The effects of fertilizer to pericarp thickness, fruit firmness, single fruit weight and yield were in order of N>K>P; to fruit shape index, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C were in order of K>P>N; to the content of fruit total acid was in order of N>P>K.