Current issue

• 2013 Vol.29 No.28 Published:05 October 2013

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  Effect of Different Fresh Water-logging Levels on the Physio-ecological Characteristics of Aegiceras corniculatum Seedlings 2013, 29 (28):  1-8.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1497 Abstract + ( 760 )   PDF ( 755640KB )   ( 641 ) In order to investigate the response of mangrove plant to fresh water logging stress, Aegiceras corniculatum seedlings were cultivated in fresh water in Meizhou, Guangdong for 1 year to investigate the effect of different fresh water-logging levels on their physio-ecological characteristics. The 5 water depths were: 0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4 and 4/4, respectively. Results showed that: the 0, 1/4 and 2/4 groups had significant higher survival rate, height, stem diameter, branch number, leaf number, leaf area, root number, root length and root diameter than those of the 3/4 and 4/4 groups; the height increase showed a trend of 2/4＞1/4＞0＞3/4＞4/4, and the stem diameter increased a trend of 1/4>2/4>0>3/4>4/4; the biomass of the 0, 1/4 and 2/4 groups also were significantly higher than those of the 3/4 and 4/4 groups; SOD and POD activities in leaf and root increased significantly as water depth reached 2/4 and higher; the chlorophyll content, root activity and soluble sugar of the 0, 1/4 and 2/4 groups were significantly higher than those of the 3/4 and 4/4 groups, with a trend of decreasing with water depth; the seedlings of Aegiceras corniculatum grew well at 3/4 water depth for 270 days, indicating a strong water logging tolerance. The physio-ecological characteristics revealed by this study indicated that Aegiceras corniculatum was suitable for cultivation in shallows of rivers, lakes or reservoirs.

  Study on Photosynthesis of Acer saccharum Marsh in Different Seasons 2013, 29 (28):  9-13.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1107 Abstract + ( 966 )   PDF ( 797882KB )   ( 758 ) In order to study the photosynthesis of Acer saccharum Marsh, and provide the theory reference to the induction of Acer saccharum Marsh. The author tested photosynthetic indexes of the Acer saccharum Marsh by using Li-6400 photosynthesis analyzer system in three different seasons, and analyzed net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomata conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate. The results showed that: the curves of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) had two peaks during these seasons, and had midday depression. Compared the three seasons of Acer saccharum Marsh daily variation of net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, the curves of water use efficiency had two peaks during these seasons, and the water use efficiency in autumn was higher than in spring and summer. The author also analyzed the relationship between Pn and multivariate. Different seasons had different Pn main influencing factors. The main factors effecting on Pn were photosynthetic active radiation and conductance of stomata.

  Comparative Observation and Clones Choosing of Tow-year Catalpa bungei Clones Forest in Coastal Area 2013, 29 (28):  14-17.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1158 Abstract + ( 840 )   PDF ( 503537KB )   ( 554 ) Twenty-nine Catalpa bungei clones, including 28 new test clones and one control, YQ1, were induced to choose fine clones in coastal area in Jiangsu Province. Growth indices, such as diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), were monitored in a 2-year-old Catalpa bungei test forest. The range was 3.24 - 5.24 cm, with the mean of 4.13 cm, for DBH, and 3.48-5.18 m, with mean of 4.34 m for H, for all 29 clones. There were 9 clones for DBH, and 6 clones for H, were higher then YQ1. 29 clones were clustered to 4 groups through cluster analysis, and significantly differences were found among these 4 groups for DBH and H. 008-1-3, with highest DBH and H, was found to be the best clones, and 4-2-2-5, 4-2-6-8, 4-2-8-3 and 6523-4 were also chose out due to higher DBH and H. These 5 clones could be planted in coastal area.

  Embryogenic Calls Protoplast Isolation of Rubber Tree and Transient Expression of Red Fluorescent Protein 2013, 29 (28):  18-22.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1217 Abstract + ( 796 )   PDF ( 617969KB )   ( 988 )

  A Preliminary Study on browning mechanism of explants of Alnus formosana 2013, 29 (28):  23-27.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1229 Abstract + ( 692 )   PDF ( 725271KB )   ( 602 ) The aims were to study the related enzyme activities and the impacts of the change of the total phenolic, on the premise of the technology study of the tissue culture for Alnus formosanas. The axillary bud or crown of the Alnus formosana were used as explant, to study the concentration of Vc, medium PH value and the influence of the explants collection time to browning. Total phenolic, PPO and POD were all related to the browning of explants, among which added 0.1 g/L Vc medium or pH 5.0-5.8 medium or collect explants at 10:00, all these can effectively restrain browning. By processing the different total phenol content and the activity of relates enzymes, so as to reduce the browning of Alnus formosana.

  Influence of Temperature Change on Phenology of Robinia hispida Linn in Anhui Province 2013, 29 (28):  28-31.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1777 Abstract + ( 742 )   PDF ( 543746KB )   ( 632 ) In order to evaluate the influence of temperature change on wood plants in Anhui Province, based on the historical climate data and phenological data in the same period from Xuancheng, Hefei, Chuzhou, Fengyang and Suzhou station during 1992-2008, the author statistically analyzed the change tendency of air temperature and phenology and their correlativity, the correlations of each phenology, and the influences of temperature change in different time interval on phenology in the last 17 years. The result showed that: in the last 17 years, spring pheno logical phases of Robinia hispida Linn became earlier and their autumn phases were postpone and thus their growing period prolonged. The change of phenology was quite sensitive to the influences of air temperature. It showed one-degree increase of average air temperature in key period during last autumn was associated with an advance of spring phenology by 0.4-3.1 days, average 1.5 days; and one-degree increase of average air temperature in key period from April to July was associated with a delay of autumn events by 4.4-4.6 days, average 4.5 days.

  Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Microbial Biomass Carbon (MBC) in Schima superba on Sloping-land with Purple Soils in Hengyang 2013, 29 (28):  32-35.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1240 Abstract + ( 741 )   PDF ( 490708KB )   ( 551 ) In order to explore the role of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in ecosystem carbon cycle of Schima superb plantations in the sloping-land with purple soils in Hengyang. The time and space distribution dynamics of MBC in middle-aged plantation (MAP) and mature plantation (MP) was studied by using the chloroform fumigation extraction method. And the relationship between MBC and soil organic carbon (SOC) were also analyzed. The results showed that: (1) there was significant difference of MBC in MAP and MP in the month of 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 and 11-12 (P＜0.05), and there were 2 peaks in the whole year, the first peak value was at the month of 3-4, the second peak value was at the month of 9-10, MBC reached the minimum value at the month of 11-12; (2) There was also significant difference of MBC in MAP and MP in the soil layers of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, and the maximum was in the layer of 0-20 cm, the minimum in the layer of 40-60 cm, which exhibited a vertical distribution pattern; (3) The relationship between MBC and SOC was: y=21.654x+54.128 (R2=0.984, P＜0.01); (4) The MBC/SOC increased with increase of soil horizons showed SOC transferred gradually from the layer of 0-20 cm to the layer of 40-60 cm and soil C was in accumulated status, the results showed that the soils of MAP and MP were C pool.

  Studies on the Biological Characteristics of Schizostachyum wanshishanensis and Pseudosasa zhongyanensis 2013, 29 (28):  36-41.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1254 Abstract + ( 856 )   PDF ( 1027980KB )   ( 643 ) Two bamboo species of Schizostachyum wanshishanensis S. H. Chen, K. F. Huang et H. Z. Guo and Pseudosasa zhongyanensis S. H. Chen, K. F. Huang et H. Z. Guo were formal reported recently. In this paper, by watering the potted plants with treatments of different concentrations of NaCl solution（CK-0.0%, S1-0.1%, S2-0.3%, S3-0.5%, S4-0.7% and S5-1.0%）, and sampling their model standard site soil and bamboo leaves, the biological characteristics of salt tolerance characteristics, main ingredients, main nutrient elements contents, RPMP and RWC and WSD contents, scanning electron microscope of root sections and leaf sections of the two bamboos were studied. The research results will be provided scientific basis for their theoretical research and industry development, especially the popularization and application in coastal saline land.

  The Optimization Condition of Trichoderma atroviride Producing the Spore 2013, 29 (28):  42-45.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1039 Abstract + ( 753 )   PDF ( 584754KB )   ( 957 ) In order to obtain the optimization condition of Trichoderma atroviride Producing the Spore, the factors affecting the sporulation quantity, such as the cultivating temperature，the initial pH, the volume of medium and the volume of inoculum were investigated in present study. The results showed that, the sporulation quantity was best with 0.1 mL inoculum (1.0×107 cfu/mL) in the 20 mL medium under the initial pH 6 of 25℃ for 7 days.

  Research on Remote Sensing Extraction of Planting Information for Rubber Trees Based on Phenological Characteristic Parameters 2013, 29 (28):  46-52.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1160 Abstract + ( 706 )   PDF ( 1087884KB )   ( 973 ) In order to better monitor the growth state of rubber trees, and objectively and accurately get geographic location information of rubber tree planting, asymmetric Gaussian function was used to filter MODIS EVI time series data on Hainan Island, phenological characteristic parameters were defined, and characteristic parameters of each pixel was calculated; change rules for key phenological characteristic parameters of crops in sample region of rubber trees on Hainan Island were summarized and analyzed based on MODIS EVI data; a planting information extraction algorithm for rubber trees on Hainan Island was established based on aforesaid characteristic parameters, and extraction results were expressed by mixed pixel classification method of different proportions. Planting information for rubber trees in 2011 was extracted based on the extraction algorithm, and accuracy test and practicability evaluation to the algorithm were conducted using validation data. Test result showed that the algorithm could reach an average classification accuracy of 85.97%, thus applicable for extracting planting information of rubber trees.

  Research on Postharvest Optimize Treatment of Potted Ficus microcarpa L.f. for Export 2013, 29 (28):  53-59.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1009 Abstract + ( 705 )   PDF ( 639835KB )   ( 589 ) For improving Potted Ficus’s anti-stress capability during storage and transportation，delaying ficus decrepitude，and reducing the defoliation rate. Effects of temperature，medium，fertilizer and growth regulator for preventing defoliation on potted ficus were studied，the result studied for combination of coconut chaff（80%）+ perlite（20%）+ water-holding agent (10 gram ，medium: water-holding agent is 100：1),irrigated with liquid GROW MORE K diluted at 100 times, sprayed with 800ug/L 0.004% brassinolides, and after stored and transported at 10℃. So the technology could make the Ficus low 16% defoliation rate after 36 days’storage and transportation.

  Study on Rapid Micropropagation System of Euphorbia cotinifolia by Tissue Culture Wang Chunrong 2013, 29 (28):  60-65.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1357 Abstract + ( 1061 )   PDF ( 546531KB )   ( 846 ) For germplasm conservation and rapid propagation of Euphorbia cotinifolia, the stem-segment with axillary buds，stem tips and leaflet taken as explants to be studied for tissue culture system. The results showed that, the optimizing sterilization method for stem-segment with axillary buds in the second ten days of June was that explants could be treated with 0.1% HgCl2 for 5 min. The percentage of sterile explant could arrive at 79.5%. It was suggested that MS+KT0.5mg/L+IBA0.5 mg/L to be desirable treatment for subculture and multiplication, with 2.45 times multiplication rate after a 20-25 days cultivation. The media with MS+IBA0.5mg/L+KT(0.5~1.0)mg/L and 1/2MS+IBA (0.1~0.5)mg/L could be used for the rooting induction . The rooting rate was 91.14% . The average number of rootlet for the test-tube plantlets was 6.49~13.03.

  Effects of Irrigation with Saline Water on the Growth of 9 Greening Tree Species 2013, 29 (28):  66-71.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1237 Abstract + ( 774 )   PDF ( 771154KB )   ( 839 ) In order to explore the effects of saline water irrigation on afforestation in saline-alkali areas, so that utilizing the water resources effectively and enhancing the level of afforestation and virescence. The experiment used two kinds of irrigation techniques (saline water irrigation and saline and fresh water alternate irrigation), and carried out the experiment of irrigating the 9 gardens tree species with saline water of different salinity (0, 2, 5, 8, 12, 15 g/L), and studied the phenotypic characteristics of each tree species under different irrigation conditions. The results showed that: without affecting the growth of tree species, Fraxinus velutina Torr., Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa for afforestation and virescence could be irrigated alternately by saline and fresh water with a mineralization degree of 12 g/L, Salix psammophila and S. matsudana with a mineralization degree of 8 g/L, Fraxinus chinensis, Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge, Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge and Elaeagnus angustifolia L. with a mineralization degree of 5 g/L. According to the survival of each tree species situation, the following could be determined: Salix psammophila, S. matsudana and Fraxinus chinensis were not suitable for direct irrigation with saline water, the other 6 tree species could be irrigated by saline water, and the salt-tolerance ability was: Elaeagnus angustifolia L (15 g/L)＞Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge (12 g/L)＞Fraxinus velutina Torr. (8g/L)＞Amorpha fruticosa, Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge, Robinia pseudoacacia (5 g/L).

  The Survey and Evaluation of Soil Fertility in the Bamboo Shoot Groves (CV. Ventricousinternode) in the City of Linan 2013, 29 (28):  72-76.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1347 Abstract + ( 866 )   PDF ( 521064KB )   ( 610 ) A soil fertility survey, involving 19 townships in Linan where bamboo shoot groves are intensively planted, was conducted from 2010 to 2011. 567 soil samples were collected from the soil surface layer (0-30cm) of bamboo shoot groves and analyzed for their physical and chemical properties to ascertain main reasons for soil degradation in the bamboo shoot groves. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of 567 soil samples showed that there was a wide range of differences in soil physical and chemical properties due to the intensive operation of bamboo shoot groves in Linan. Among those differences are pH 3.0～7.8, organic matter 7.40～100.00g/kg, available phosphorus 1.70～765.00 mg/kg and available potassium 23.00～926.00 mg/kg. This showed that the intensive planting mode combining soil surface organic mulching with over-application of nitrogen fertilizer has resulted in the unbalance of soil nutrients and soil degradation in the bamboo groves.

  Yen loans to China the Yellow River afforestation project benefit evaluation of regional sustainable development- Example of the western region of Inner Mongolia 2013, 29 (28):  77-82.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0831 Abstract + ( 811 )   PDF ( 683970KB )   ( 641 ) Abstract : The implementation of Yen loans forestation project has the extremely vital significance to the sustainable development of the project area. Based on the analysis of ecological, economic and social sustainable development, this article create a set of method for the sustainable development of the project area which includes index system and assignment standard. The basic index of this method includes project implementation and policy implementation, ecological, economic, and social four items. And by using this system , Inner Mongolia autonomous region Wu Shen, Yi JinHuoLuoQi, WuYuan and Qing Shuihe were quantitatively analyzed after the Yen loans forestation project. And the results show that: Project implementation and policy implementation index weights 20%, ecological index weights 20%, economy determines social development index weights 30%, the society accounts for 30%. Through the evaluating indicator system of sustainable development of Yi Jin Huo Luo Qi and the four flags county , it shows that YiJinHuoLuoQi has a higher improvement whether in economic, ecological or social benefit , total score is 80.12. Three other flag county also gained remarkable ecological, economic and social benefits, and total score of WuYuanXian, QingShuiHeXian WuShenQi banner were 77.71, 80.12, 74, 79.98. After the evaluation of the regional sustainable development, the result shows that this method is feasible。

  Assessment on Farming Methods of Energy Sugar Beet Based on LCA 2013, 29 (28):  83-90.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-3946 Abstract + ( 981 )   PDF ( 749179KB )   ( 643 ) In order to establish a supply system for energy resource coupled to the environment, the production technology of sugar beets was explored as a biological energy source. The low-humic andosolsas as the experimental soil, the panting method was direct planting, cultivation techniques was minimum tillage direct planting method, The control were conventional tillage transplant and no tillage direct planting.The results demonstrated that data revealed that the energy cost of no tillage and a direct planting method was 105 GJ/ha on average for two years, while that of the conventional tillage method was 112 GJ/ha per year. The ratio of output to input showed that the direct planting with no tillage was more efficient ( 3.61 ) than the conventional tillage ( 3.01 ). Moreover, the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere with no tillage and the direct planting was 71% of the conventional tillage planting technique. Therefore, direct planting without tillage reduces the impact on the environment.

  Establishment of Fingerprinting for Domestic Beet Varieties by SSR Marker 2013, 29 (28):  91-95.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0369 Abstract + ( 1391 )   PDF ( 621861KB )   ( 948 )

  Studies on the Breeding of the Genetic Male Sterility Lines of ‘Heiye’ Chinese Cabbage with Anti-Clubroot 2013, 29 (28):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0695 Abstract + ( 716 )   PDF ( 579096KB )   ( 579 ) In order to breed new Chinese cabbage variety with anti-clubroot, according to the genetic hypothesis of multi-allele and the conclusion that the anti-clubroot is controlled by a dominant nuclear gene in Chinese cabbage, the resistant gene against clubroot disease and the sterile genes were transferred to ‘Heiye’ Chinese cabbage with cycle male parents using anti-clubroot sterile plants of AB lines (type Ⅰ) of Chinese cabbage as resistance resources and infertility resources. By means of crossing, consecutive backcrossing, self-crossing, test cross, sib-mating and resistance inoculation screening, etc., anti-clubroot new AB lines (type Ⅰ) and temporary maintainer lines of ‘Heiye’ Chinese cabbage were achieved. Breeding the male sterility lines of ‘Heiye’ Chinese cabbage with anti-clubroot can lay the foundation for selection of new varieties in anti-clubroot.

  Genomic DNA Extraction and Optimization of ISSR-PCR System for Purple Ornamental Pepper 2013, 29 (28):  101-104.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0507 Abstract + ( 1056 )   PDF ( 552449KB )   ( 639 ) Abstract: In order to establish a genomic DNA extraction method and ISSR-PCR system suitable for purple ornamental peppers, three DNA extraction methods were compared and the ISSR-PCR system was optimized by orthogonal design experiment. The results showed that, the A260/A280 values of the genomic DNA extracted from two pepper varieties by high salt / low pH method were 1.807 and 1.818 respectively, and the DNA bands were clear without tailing. The optimal ISSR-PCR conditions were: 1×PCR buffer, 1.5 mmol/L Mg2+, 0.6 μmol/L primer, 0.2 mmol/LdNTPs, 1.0 U Taq DNA polymerase，60 ng template DNA, 20 μL reaction system. The ISSR results are stable and repeatable, and two pepper varieties can be distinguished from ISSR map only using the DNA templates extracted via high salt / low pH method.

  cDNA cloning and expression of β-tubulin in plum (Prunus salicina Lindl var. cordata JY Zhang et al) fruit 2013, 29 (28):  105-109.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1448 Abstract + ( 672 )   PDF ( 843647KB )   ( 488 ) A full-length cDNA of β-tubulin was obtained from plum (Prunus salicina Lindl var. cordata JY Zhang et al cv. Younai) fruit by means of RT-PCR and RACE. The complete cDNA was 1606bp in length, contained an opening reading frame of 1341bp encoding a peptide of 446 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence has high identity to those of many other plants. Specific primers were designed, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed, and the results showed that the expression of this gene was constant at 11 of different stages of fruit development, suggesting its availability for reference gene in the subsequent investigation on the expression of development-related genes in plum fruit using real-time quantitative PCR.

  Morphological Observation on Root Vessel Elements of Different Cold Resistance Grape Cultivars 2013, 29 (28):  110-114.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0383 Abstract + ( 784 )   PDF ( 988858KB )   ( 721 ) In order to make clear the morphological difference of root vessel elements of six grape cultivars with different cold resistance, the cold resistance power of the root from 6 grape cultivars were studied after low temperature treatment and root segment culture. We used tissue segregation procedure and microphotography method to study the morphological difference of the root vessel elements. The results showed that the root vessels were different in type the size and slope for the end walls and tails; different cultivars of grape had different types of vessel elements, and the proportion of different types of vessel elements was also different; the proportion of long-length, big-inch, one tail or no tail, small-slope of both end walls vessel elements in cold-resistance cultivars significantly higher than non-cold resistance cultivars; the proportion of vessel element which was more than 450 μm in length owned a 4.9% to 13.6% higher for the cold resistance cultivars vessel elements than non-cold resistance cultivars; the proportion of the diameter of the vessel element which was less than 50.0 μm, was 12.4%-30.1% lower for the cold resistance cultivars vessel elements than non-cold resistance cultivars, but the proportion of vessel element diameter which was more than 100 μm owned a 25.0%-29.5% higher for cold resistance cultivars than non-cold resistance cultivars; the proportion of cold resistance cultivars vessel elements was 20%-27% lower than non-cold resistance’ in the range of end wall slope angle from 15° to 30°, but the proportion of cold resistance cultivars vessel elements was 0% for the slope angle more than 45°, while the non-cold resistance was 4%-5%; the proportion of cold resistance cultivars vessel elements owned a 18%-25% higher than non-cold resistance cultivar for the type of no tail in one wall, while the proportion of cold resistance cultivars vessel elements was 10%-13% lower than non-cold resistance cultivar for the type which both end walls had tails.

  The Determination of Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Different Walnut Varieties 2013, 29 (28):  115-118.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0057 Abstract + ( 894 )   PDF ( 822705KB )   ( 703 ) The pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on fruit of 12 Walnut varieties and leaves of 14 Walnut varieties were determined adopted inoculation methods in laboratory in order to confirm the difference of the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on different walnut varieties, and provide the base for controlling the walnut anthracnose. The results showed that: (1) inoculating fungus dish was reliable methods because the disease happened early and spread fast, compared with spraying and directly picking mycelium. (2)The pathogenicities of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on fruits of ‘Zhonglin 1’, ‘Zha 343’, ‘Jinfeng’ were the strongest, and the diameter of spot >10 mm. The pathogenicity on fruits ‘Zhonglin 5’, ‘Liaohe 1’, ‘Xiangling’, ‘Luguang’, ‘Jing 861’, ‘Jinboxiang 1’ and ‘Liaohe 4’ were the second place, and the weakest was ‘Fenghui’ and ‘Lvbo’. (3)Compared with fruit, leaves had an earlier onset, beginning onset after three days of invasion, the leaf spots of ‘Fenghui’, ‘Liaohe 4’ and ‘Lvbo’ 3 species were the largest, diameter of spot up to about 20 mm, the best performance was ‘Beijing 861’, ‘Liaohe 1’ and ‘Liaohe 3’, the diameter of spot were about 10 mm.

  Response on Heat Treatment and Comparison in the Storage Properties of Different Cultivated Varieties of Mango Fruits 2013, 29 (28):  119-123.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0576 Abstract + ( 792 )   PDF ( 711991KB )   ( 563 ) In order to solve the problems of soften, yellow rotten and so on in postharvest mango fruits, mango fruits (‘Tainong’, ‘Redqueen’ and ‘Jinhuang’) were treated with 50℃ hot water for 10 min during storage. The results showed that: the heat treatment maintained higher firmness in mango fruits, but from control to the heat treatment there was no significant difference in total soluble solids(TSS) content, titratable acidit (TA) content and vitamin C content in mango fruits. The heat treatment declined the malondialdehyde(MDA) production, but it didn’t decline the membrane permeability. To different cultivated varieties of mango fruits, from higher firmness, higher titratable acidit(TA) content and higher levels of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) to lower membrane permeability and malondialdehyde(MDA) production, it suggested that the storability of ‘Redqueen’ was better than ‘Tainong’ and ‘Jinhuang’.

  Changes in Pulp Firmness and Starch Metabolism of Postharvest Banana Fruit 2013, 29 (28):  124-128.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1233 Abstract + ( 1031 )   PDF ( 815358KB )   ( 1290 ) In order to investigate the variation and correlation between fruit firmness and starch metabolism of postharvest banana fruit. Postharvest banana (Musa sp. cv. ‘Brazil’) pulp was used to detect the changes in starch metabolism and pulp firmness. The results showed that pulp firmness and total starch content were gradually decreased after postharvest banana fruit. Total amylase activity increased obviously with a decrease in the pulp firmness. A single peak was observed for α-amylase and β-amylase activity of banana fruit during storage. Correlation analysis showed that the change of fruit firmness had a significantly positive correlation with total starch content while it had a significantly negative correlation with total amylase activity. No correlation was found between α-amylase, β-amylase activity and fruit firmness. These results suggested that the change of fruit firmness might mainly involved in the decline of total starch content and the increase of amylase activity of postharvest banana fruit.

  Comparison and analysis of methods of extracting total RNA from petals of Camellia sasanqua 2013, 29 (28):  129-133.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0440 Abstract + ( 698 )   PDF ( 632487KB )   ( 603 ) The total RNA from petals of Camellia sasanqua was extracted by the methods of CTAB-many-level-precipitation method, improved isothiocyanate method, improved hot-borate method, Trizol method and EASY spin plant RNA extraction Kit method, respectively, and the five methods were contrasted and analyzed. The results showed that the method of EASY spin plant RNA extraction Kit was the simplest, the quickest and high efficient, and CTAB-many-level-precipitation method took the second place. The study provided convenient and effective technical supports for the research on molecular biology of Camellia sasanqua, and also provided necessary reference for the RNA extraction of other flowers.

  The Effect of Pb-Cd Compound Stress on Antioxidant Enzyme System of Three Herbaceous Flower cheng SHEN Xiso-Hui 2013, 29 (28):  134-137.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0956 Abstract + ( 1028 )   PDF ( 647153KB )   ( 699 ) In order to study the response of flowers antioxidant enzyme system to the heavy metal Pb-Cd composite stress, it was determined that the POD, CAT and SOD activity changes of different three species of herbaceous flowers garden balsam, peacock grass and short China aster under different Pb-Cd concentration. The results showed that: Under lower concentration Pb-Cd treatment, three kinds of enzyme activity of three kinds of herbaceous flowers increased with treatment concentration increases. When the concentration reached a critical value, it decreased with the concentration increase. The flowers performance was poisoned. The toxic deepened step by step with Pb-Cd concentration increases. Comprehensive to see from the three enzymes change of the three species of herbaceous flowers, three kinds of enzyme activity of garden balsam were highest, peacock grass second, short China aster minimum.

  The DNA cloning about SMT the key enzyme related to selenium metabolism and the structure analysis of its promoter 2013, 29 (28):  138-143.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0423 Abstract + ( 713 )   PDF ( 766857KB )   ( 687 ) In order to explore the regulation and control of gene expression about selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT) the key enzyme related to selenium metabolism, the full-length DNA sequence and part promoter sequence of SMT were obtained using the technology of PCR and gene walking. The intron and promoter of SMT were analyzed by the tools of PLACE and PlantCARE to predicte its cis-acting element and function. The result showed that the full-length of SMT was 5473bp which contained 7 exons and 6 introns. The introns riched in light responsive elements, Hormone response element and resistance associated element. The promoter of SMT got by the method of genome walking was 375bp. In addition to the core promoter conserved elements of TATA-box and CAAT-box, there are many other important cis-acting elements as light response elements, low temperature response elements and endosperm specific expression elements and so on. The promoter cloning and structural analysis of key enzyme SMT gene related to selenium nutrition metabolism provided a theoretical basis for further revealing the biological function and regulation mechanism of SMT gene expression.

  Breeding Research on A New Tea Variety of ‘Yunchachunhao’with rich aroma and high quality 2013, 29 (28):  144-149.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-3334 Abstract + ( 980 )   PDF ( 531347KB )   ( 749 ) Abstract：‘Yunchachunhao’ had been bred from the progenies of artificial pollination between ‘Fuding Dabai tea’ and ‘ChangyeBaihao’. From 1992 to 2010, taking yunkang 10 and Fuding Dabai tea for double contrast, then complete characteristics, yield, quality and resistance identify had been analyzed. ‘Yunchachunhao’ was developed in regional adaptive experiment at Baoshan and Lancang as control cultivar during 1997 to 2009. The results showed that: the product yield of ‘Yunchachunhao’ was higher than Yunkang 10 about 39.6% and Fuding Dabai tea about 29.6%. Area production was higher than Yunkang 10 about 2.5% in Baoshan and about 10.1% in lancang. It was a new hybrid green tea cultivar with characteristics of rich aroma, fine quality, high yield and leaf bottom bright, green tea quality for the total score of 91.13. It was higher than FudingDabai tea (90.75) and Yunkang 10(88.85). The tea polyphenol content of the green sample of a bud and two leaves was 28.0%, Amino acid 2.7%, and TP/AA 10.4, which was lower than FudingDabai tea (10.6) and Yunkang 10(17.3). Its drought resistance and Exobasidium vexans Massee were higher than Yunkang 10, and cold resistance was the same as Yunkang 10. The survival rate of cutting propagation and transplanting was higher than Yunkang 10, strong ability to appropriate in Yunnan tea area. ‘Yunchachunhao’ as rich aroma, high quality, high green tea hybrid variety was registered and released in 2010.

  The Construction of the Aseptic Strain of the Tissue Culture of Seedless siraitia grosvenorii 2013, 29 (28):  150-155.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0350 Abstract + ( 1004 )   PDF ( 529830KB )   ( 758 ) 【Objective】This research explored the tissue culture and rapid propagation of seedless Siraitia grosvenorii in order to provide technical supports on seedless Siraitia grosvenorii regenerations system establishment and factory production .【Method】The young stem of seedless Siraitia grosvenorii was used as explants to investigate the effects of different sterilization time, different hormone combinations and concentrations on the initiating, proliferation, as well as rooting cluster buds were studied.【Result】The results showed that the best sterilization method for the stem segments was agitating in 0.1% HgCl2 for 8 min. The optimum medium for initiation culture of stem segments was MS+ 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L KT , The suitable multiplication medium was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L IBA, with the bud proliferation coefficient of 6.8; The suitable rooting medium was 1/2MS+1.0 mg/L IBA+0.5 mg/L NAA, in which the average root number was 7.4, the rooting rate of muhiplied buds was up to 95%.【Conclusion】It could provide theoretical basis for the large-scale production of the tissue culture and rapid propagation of seedless Siraitia grosvenorii, and the experiment provided references for the establishment of efficient Tissue culture regeneration system and the exogenous gene transduction.

  Study on the Germination Characters of Phyllagathis fordii 2013, 29 (28):  156-159.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0315 Abstract + ( 787 )   PDF ( 672142KB )   ( 664 ) The aim was to investigate the germination characteristics of Phyllagathis fordii seeds cultured in different conditions. The Germination tests were used to evaluate the effects of different temperature, illumination, harvesting time, storage time on germination of Phyllagathis fordii seeds. The results showed that Phyllagathis fordii seeds had no endosperm, belonging to cotyledons unearthed type. Among the range of 10-25℃, the speed of seed germination was faster at higher temperature, the germination time was 11 d under 25℃, and the seeds were dormant when the temperature was 30℃. The seeds germination quality and growth of seeding were best when harvested in autumn. The seeds germination need some light, No covering the seeds with soil was better for seeds sowing. There had no significant effect during different storage periods of the germination speed, but it was significant of germination rate. Within 30 d of storage, the germination rate decreased by 5.7%, and it was only 12.7% under storage 240 d.

  Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on the Contents of Neutral Aromatic Substance in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves 2013, 29 (28):  160-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0343 Abstract + ( 696 )   PDF ( 597486KB )   ( 603 ) Effects of different irrigation methods on neutral aromatic substance content of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied by field experiment to screen irrigation method which can improve tobacco leaves aroma quantity. The results showed that sprinkler irrigation significantly increased middle and upper part tobacco leaves neutral aroma substance content. compared to water irrigation and furrow irrigation, sprinkler irrigation B2F grade tobacco leaves neutral aroma substance content increased by 8.1% and 42.9% respectively, C3F grade tobacco leaves neutral aroma substance content increased by 26.3% and 27.9% respectively which indicated sprinkler irrigation is a kind of optimal irrigation method for flue-cured tobacco planting, also a kind of usability way to improve aroma quantity.

  Effects of Different amount of Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Nutrient Quality of Green Asparagus 2013, 29 (28):  165-168.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0436 Abstract + ( 855 )   PDF ( 570856KB )   ( 609 ) In experimental farm of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities from March to July in 2009, using five-year Asparagus officinalis L. cv.Apollo as experimental material, we studied the effects of different amount of potassium fertilizer on yield and nutrient quality of green asparagus. The results are as the following: the yield of green asparagus and the weight of per branches of green asparagus is the first increase after decreasing trend with the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer when the amount of potassium fertilizer is within 0-375kg hm-2. And the yield and the weight of per branches is the highest when the amount of potassium fertilizer is respectively 300 kg hm-2 and 225 kg hm-2; the number of green asparagus goes up with the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer. The content of soluble protein at each stage is gradually increased with the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer. The content of soluble sugar in the early and middle increase first and then decrease of which the highest is the amount of potassium fertilizer of 225 kg hm-2 in the early , is the amount of potassium fertilizer of 330 kg hm-2 in the middle, gradually increase in the late. The content of crude protein goes up with the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer and other nutritional content have no obvious change. Ca, Mg elements gradually decreased with increasing potassium fertilizer and other mineral elements with no obvious relation of potassium fertilizer. Under this experimental condition, the combination of yield and nutrient quality, the amount of potassium fertilizer of 300 kg hm-2 is appropriate for green asparagus.

  Analysis on Productivity and Sability of Watermelon Varieties in Gravel-mulched Field 2013, 29 (28):  169-172.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1025 Abstract + ( 902 )   PDF ( 429864KB )   ( 510 ) This research carried out variance analysis and multiple comparison on yield of varieties in multpoint a year by using DPS, evaluated productivity and sability of watermelon varieties in Gravel-mulched Field according to yield results of eight watermelon varieties and four testing sites in regional trial in china. The results of variance analysis showed that three varieties(09-N7,09-N1and CK)are significantly different and three varieties(09-N7,09-N1and CK) reached extremely significant differences with other varieties. The results of productivity and sability of watermelon varieties showed that productivity and sability of 09-N1and 09-N7 were superior to the control, 09-N1and 09-N7 were high and stable yield varieties, productivity of 09-N9 was inferior to the control and sability of 09-N9 was superior to the control, 09-N9 was low and stable yield variety.

  Agricultural Climate Regional Planning of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple in Liaoning Province Based on GIS 2013, 29 (28):  173-178.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0421 Abstract + ( 735 )   PDF ( 2065259KB )   ( 692 ) In order to research the climatic regionalization of ‘Red Fuji’ apple in Liaoning Province, precipitation and sunlight in grids were established by using the principles of geographical information system(GIS), based on climate data of 52 meteorological stations and geographic information in Liaoning Province, the climatic elements such as heat. According to the needs of ‘Red Fuji’ apple on climate condition, summarize suitable planting area in Liaoning Province was divided to four regions, which were most suitable zone, suitable zone, subsuitable zone and unsuitable zone, before giving planting suggestion, also analysis the characters of four regions. (1) The average temperature of January and the temperature index from April to October make great impact on the ‘Red Fuji’ apple growing, and therefore chose the two factors to divide climatic regionalization of ‘Red Fuji’ apple. (2) The development of ‘Red Fuji’ apple planting areas should stick on ‘-10℃ safe principle’. In south of Liaoning Province, Dalian can have rapid development, south of Yingkou City can have appropriate development. In the west of Liaoning Province, part of Huludao City, Chaoyang City and Jinzhou City can have appropriate development. In the middle of Liaoning Province, Panjin City can have appropriate development. In the east of Liaoning Province, seaside of south Dandong can have appropriate development.

  Influence on Fruit Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear Under Different Element Deficiency 2013, 29 (28):  179-182.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0393 Abstract + ( 912 )   PDF ( 500326KB )   ( 637 ) Set different element deficiency for 20 years Korla fragrant pear in the field, and study the variation of fruit quality under stress of nutrient element deficiency. The result showed that fertilization can promote the growth and development of fruit significantly. It not only can improve single fruit weight and yield, but also can improve fruit shape, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C, and then it can reduce pericarp thickness, fruit firmness and fruit total acid content. The effects of fertilizer to pericarp thickness, fruit firmness, single fruit weight and yield were in order of N>K>P; to fruit shape index, red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C were in order of K>P>N; to the content of fruit total acid was in order of N>P>K.

  Research on the Climate Condition and Production Prediction of Fenghua Honey Peach 2013, 29 (28):  183-188.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0279 Abstract + ( 765 )   The growth of honey peach is closely related to the weather conditions in its phenological phase. The peach production can be forecast through analysing local meteorological conditions ,to provide guidance for production and sales. Using the local meteorological data and peach production data, the climate conditions were analyzed from three aspects, the heat, the illumination and the precipitation. Five predictors ,which are the sum of the highest temperature from late February to mid March, the sunshine hours from March to April, the precipitation in late March, the precipitation in late June to early July and the precipitation from August to September, are selected to establish the prediction model of Fenghua honey peach production by multiple regression method. The result show that the model has a great effect with a reliable and effective prediction.

  Effects of different lengths of floral cluster by pruning on fruit growth and qualities of ‘Summer black’ grape 2013, 29 (28):  189-194.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0258 Abstract + ( 1086 )   PDF ( 1244259KB )   ( 617 ) The material of this study is ‘Summer black’ grape, only remained the tip of the grape floral clusters 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm, and cut off the other parts 7 days before the florescence, and used the clusters without cutting as the control.The grape floral clusters treated by 50 mg/L GA3 on full-bloom stage and they were divided into 3 teams and respectively used 50 mg/L GA3, 50 mg/L GA3 + 2.5 mg/L CPPU, 50 mg/L GA3 + 5 mg/L CPPU 15 days after full-bloom stage. The aim was to study the effects of different lengths of floral cluster by pruning on fruit growth and qualities of summer black grape, and provide a scientific basis in grape production．Results showed that the treatments of 3 cm, 4 cm and 5cm all significantly increased the length and diameter of berry, the every berry weight and the total soluble solids content and they all significantly decreased the titratable acid content. It is recommended that the floral clusters which is pruned to 3 cm are treated by 50 mg/L GA3 on full-bloom stage and 50 mg/L GA3 + 2.5 mg/L CPPU 15 days after full-bloom stage in production.

  Effect of Biochar Application on Soil Properties and Grape Seedling Growth 2013, 29 (28):  195-200.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0278 Abstract + ( 1113 )   PDF ( 587674KB )   ( 913 ) Field experiments were conducted to understand the effects of biochar and biochar with wood vinegar application to the soil fertility and wine grape growth in the nursery of Sino-French manor in Huailai, HeBei. The results showed that: Biochar and biochar with wood vinegar application to the soil of the nursery increased soil organic matter and the valid nutrient contents. As compared to the control, the contents of the soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium increased by 31.4%-68.4%, 27.3%-30.2%, 145.5%-192.1%, 65.3%-82.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, biochar application to soil can stimulate soil microbioal activity, the contents of microbial biomass carbon increased by 60.5%-89.3%, while decreasing soil bulk density. But there was no differents between the biochar treatment and the biochar with wood vinegar treatment,except the soil organic matter was higher in the biochar treatment. Biochar and biochar with wood vinegar application to the soil in nursery, the contents of weights, heights, stem diameters and chorophyll in wine grapes were improved(p<0.05). The number of the total roots and medium level (1.38~2.00 mm) roots didn't change, but the coarse (>2.00 mm) and fine (<1.38 mm) roots number and root volume were increased (P<0.05), the fine roots increased by 22.1% in the soil with biochar and wood vinegar compared to the biochar treatment. Therefore, biochar application can increase the valid nutrient contents, decrease soil bulk density, ameliorate soil structure, promote the grape growth, meanwhile, biochar with wood vinegar application to soil had significant role in stimulating new root growth. Biochar had significant potential as soil conditioner for the grape growth.

  Rooting Study of Cuttings of Piper sarmentosum and Other Wild Piper Plants in Hainan 2013, 29 (28):  201-204.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0671 Abstract + ( 883 )   PDF ( 640485KB )   ( 725 ) Piper sarmentosum Roxb is a wild Piper plant with great value of development and utilization in Hainan. Different concentrations (100, 400 and 800 mg/L) of 4 different growth regulators (Genwang, IAA, IBA and NAA) were used to study the rooting technology of cuttings of P. sarmentosum with the base of the cuttings soaked for different time (0.5 h, 2 h and 4 h). The results showed that, with respect to rooting rate, average number of roots, and length of the longest root, all treatments obtained better results than those of the control. The best was the treatment with 100 mg/L IBA for 5 h, with the rooting rate of 80.00%, the average number of roots 5.67 and the length of the longest root 10.6 cm. The other nine species of Piper in Hainan rooted well using the same method.

  Study on Nutrient Status and Soil Properties in the Typical Hilly Tea Gardens of Anhui Province 2013, 29 (28):  205-210.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0285 Abstract + ( 785 )   PDF ( 654275KB )   ( 657 ) The objective of this study was to investigate distribution characters of soil nutrient and soil hardness in the tea gardens of Anhui Province. Understanding the linkage between soil nutrient supply and tea plant nutrient contents is helpful to improve the management of hill tea gardens．Results indicated that the soil chemical properties at upper and lower depths，the nutrient traits in various plant modules and their relationships were studied in tea gardens of different districts. Chemical properties of various pH field have notable difference, Specially when soil pH fall in 4.0~4.5 field the rest raining capacity to process of acidification weaken in evidence and velocity of loss of electro positive particle will increase too. When soil pH fall beyond 5.0 field the rest raining capacity to process of acidification enhance in evidence. The content of N and P were high, K was poorer in Southern Anhui, contents of N P K contents were relatively uniform in West Anhui. pH value were very low and showed the trend of acidification aggravation gradually, soil pH below 4.5 account for more than 50% of tea gardens. The soil bulk density were 1.32～1.47g/cm3 at the layer of 0～20 cm and 1.37～1.58g/cm3 at 20～40 cm, soil porosity was 50% approximately, air phase were not enough, the permeability of soil was bad. There is great difference in the fertilization level of Anhui districts, fertilizer application rate in Southern Anhui were higher than West Anhui by15%.

  Research on the Design Model of Conservatory Succulents Area，which Based on Succulents Original Habitats 2013, 29 (28):  211-216.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1222 Abstract + ( 820 )   PDF ( 863529KB )   ( 776 ) Reservations reveals that the designs of conservatory succulents area which based on art theory have several problems. Landscape features are not emphasised, and landscape experiences are not stand out. As to this issue, this article came up with a design method following the principle of imitating original habitats. That is imitating the geographic and geomorphic, ground substance, color and the plants features in our design work in detail. Then the article came up with a design model, which is significant in guiding the innovation design of conservatory succulents area.

  Analysis on Wetland Plant Arrangement of the International Garden ＆ Flower EXPO in Jinan 2013, 29 (28):  217-220.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2010-2002 Abstract + ( 793 )   PDF ( 1652548KB )   ( 702 ) 湿地对于改善城市环境质量发挥着重要作用，因此湿地植物的选择配置对于湿地建设至关重要。笔者以济南国际园博园为实例，在对其现状概况了解的基础上，分别从湿地植物的种植结构、观赏性状、空间构建、树形与林冠线等几个方面进行分析。在此基础上，提出现有植物配置在湿地景观中存在的问题和不足，以及在今后的湿地建设中，如何进行湿地植物配置的几点建议。