Abstract: In order to learn the ecological security of multiple transgenic Populus×euramericana ‘Guariento’ in natural ecosystem, an investigation was conducted on the species diversity of insect in the multiple transgenic hybrid poplar in Junshan District by fixed-point survey from 2011 to 2012. And the number characteristics of Batocera horsfieldi collected from 6 sample region were compared. As results, a total of 80 species of insects belonging to 7 orders 32 families were recorded, in which Stauronema tuscompressicornis, Micromelalopha trogldyta, Plagiodera versicolora, Batocera horsfieldi were the dominant populations. The multiple transgenic hybrid poplar could decrease the number of Coleptera insects, but compared with CK and native poplar, its resistance against Batocera horsfieldi was not significant (PCK=0.366>0.05 and PXL=0.391>0.05). Also, there was no significant impact between the multiple transgenic hybrid poplar and CK, native poplar with the richness index, species diversity index, dominance index and evenness index (PCK=0.247>0.05 and PXL=0.458>0.05).