Abstract: In this study, seed characters, nutrients and fatty acids composition of seed oil from ten perilla varieties were determined, and the correlation relationships among them were analyzed, which would provide a basis theory for germplasm resources modification. The results showed that there were significant difference in seed characters and nutrients among 10 varieties, grain diameter in the range of 1.58-2.15 mm, grain weight 2.36-5.12 g, fat coentent 34.0%-45.2% , protein 18.5%-21.8% and fibre 19.0%-25.1% , respectively. The seed oils contained palmitie acid (3.16%-4.77%), stearic acid (0.56%-1.86%), oleie acid (11.42%-23.06%), linoleic acid (8.53%-13.02%) and linolenic acid (58.48%-70.90%), the unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 93.26%-95.00% in total fatty acids. ZY-3, ZY-1, ZB-1, BZ-2 and BS-1 were screened as high-quality breeding materials of higher oil andα-linolenic acid content. The results also showed that there were significant positive correlation between fat, linolenic acid content and grain diameter, grain weight, respectively, but a significant negative correlation between oleic acid and these two seed characters, and the extremely significant negative correlation between oleic acid and linolenic acid. Therefore, it was necessary to properly control oleic acid content to improve linolenic acid content in perilla seed.