Abstract: In order to compare the effects of different mulch ways on growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco, and search cultivation ways of field surface protection in the area of Yongding tobacco planting area, flue-cured tobacco ‘Yunyan 87’ was used as material to research the effects of three different mulch ways: straw mulching, plastic film mulching and no mulching, on growth of flue-cured tobacco, disease, economic traits and intrinsic chemical composition of the tobacco leaf after baking and cost of investment. The results indicated that tobacco plants of the whole growth period with straw mulching grew and developed slowly from transplanting period to early vigorous growth period, grew fast from later vigorous growth period to topping period and had obvious advantages in height, leaf number and leaf area. Compared with other treatments, straw mulching had more advantages in economic traits and more coordinated chemical composition, it was a way of less labor requirement and lower cost in tobacco cultivation. Straw mulching played a role in environmental protection and had better ecological, economic and social benefits.