Abstract: In order to understand the status and defect of soil fertility of cultivated soils in the Hangzhou Region, pH value, organic matter, total N, available P and available K of the soils covering 8 counties of the region were investigated. The results showed that: most of the soils were acid (pH 4.5-5.5), slightly acid (pH 5.5-6.5), and slightly alkali (pH 7.5-8.5), and proportions of soils with strong acid or strong alkali were lower. Contents of organic matter and total N of the soils were mainly classified as medium level, mostly ranging from 20 to 40 g/kg for organic matter, and 1-2 g/kg for total N. However, there were 27.00% and 12.06% of the soils, respectively, with low levels of organic matter and total N. Soil available P varied greatly among 8 counties, and soils with high available P and with low available P existed simultaneously in all of the eight counties. Also, soil available K varied spatially, most of the soils had low level of available K. All of fertility indexes of the cultivated soils varied greatly with landscape. Soil pH decreased in the sequence of coastal plain, plain with water network, valley plain, and hilly areas. The contents of soil organic matter and total N were higher in plain with water network and lower in coastal plain, and both valley plain and hilly areas had medium levels of soil organic matter and total N. Higher concentration of available P was found in the cultivated soils in hilly areas, and mean available P decreased in order of hilly areas, valley plain, coastal plain, and plain with water network. Mean soil available K decreased in sequence of plain with water network, valley plain, hilly areas, and coastal plain. Because of differences in landscape, land use, and fertilizer application rate, 8 counties had different levels of soil fertility. Great spatial variation of soil fertility indexes and imbalance of soil nutrients in the cultivated land of Hangzhou Region suggested that further implementation of technique for soil testing and formulated fertilization is still needed.